Overview
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a critical vulnerability, tagged as CVE-2025-50201, in WeGIA, a widely-used web manager for charitable institutions. This vulnerability is of particular importance due to its high severity score (9.8), and the potential for system compromise or data leakage. It allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server with the privileges of the web server user, presenting a significant risk to the security and integrity of the system and data.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-50201
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, Data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
WeGIA Web Manager | Prior to 3.4.2
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the /html/configuracao/debug_info.php endpoint of the WeGIA web manager. The flaw is due to improper sanitization of the ‘branch’ parameter before it is concatenated and executed in a shell command on the server’s operating system. An attacker can exploit this flaw by injecting malicious commands into the ‘branch’ parameter. As this parameter is not properly sanitized, the malicious commands can be executed on the server with the permissions of the ‘www-data’ web server user.
Conceptual Example Code
An attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTTP POST request similar to the following:
POST /html/configuracao/debug_info.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
branch=;ls -la;#In this example, the ‘branch’ parameter is set to a shell command (;ls -la;#), which will list the files in the current directory when executed on the server. The semicolon (;) is used to end the previous command, and the hash (#) is used to comment out the remaining part of the command.
Mitigation
To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to upgrade to WeGIA version 3.4.2 or later, where this issue has been patched. As a temporary measure, a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) can be used to detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability. These systems should be configured to monitor for and block HTTP POST requests to the /html/configuracao/debug_info.php endpoint containing suspicious ‘branch’ parameters.
Conclusion
CVE-2025-50201 is a critical vulnerability that could potentially allow an unauthenticated attacker to compromise systems running vulnerable versions of the WeGIA web manager. It highlights the importance of proper input validation and sanitization in web applications, as well as the need for regular software updates and the use of security tools such as WAFs and IDSs.