Author: Ameeba

Overview

We are addressing a critical security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-44072, found within the SeaCMS v13.3 content management system. This vulnerability exposes users to potential SQL Injection attacks, which could lead to system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this vulnerability, which has been rated as 9.8 out of 10 on the CVSS scale, means it’s of utmost importance for organizations using SeaCMS v13.3 to take immediate action for the safety of their data and systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44072
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SeaCMS | v13.3

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists within the admin_manager.php component of SeaCMS. An attacker can manipulate the input fields of this component to inject malicious SQL queries, which the system will execute. This process allows the attacker to potentially gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, manipulate data, or even gain control over the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual representation of how a malicious request exploiting this vulnerability may look. This is not a real exploit code, but a demonstration of the potential vulnerability.

POST /admin_manager.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"username": "admin'; DROP TABLE users; --",
"password": "password"
}

In this example, the attacker is trying to delete a users table from the database by injecting a SQL command into the username field.

Mitigation and Prevention

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is by applying the patch provided by the vendor. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block SQL Injection attempts.
In the long term, it’s crucial that organizations adopt a proactive approach to cybersecurity. This includes regular patch management, vulnerability scanning, and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities before they can be exploited.
Remember, your cybersecurity measures are only as strong as your weakest link. Therefore, ensure all components of your IT infrastructure, including CMS like SeaCMS, are regularly updated and secured against potential threats.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is under constant threat from new vulnerabilities. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-44071, has been discovered in the SeaCMS v13.3, a popular content management system. This vulnerability, if exploited by bad actors, allows for remote code execution (RCE), a severe form of cyberattack that allows an attacker to run arbitrary code on the victim’s system.
Given the popularity of SeaCMS, this vulnerability could potentially affect a significant number of systems worldwide, leading to potential system compromise and data leakage. It is therefore crucial that system administrators and cybersecurity professionals understand the nature of this vulnerability, its potential impacts, and the available mitigation strategies.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44071
Severity: Critical (CVSS score 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SeaCMS | v13.3

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the phomebak.php component of SeaCMS. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to this component. This malformed request can trigger the remote code execution vulnerability, allowing the attacker to run arbitrary code on the victim’s system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with malicious payload to the vulnerable component.

POST /phomebak.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "..." }

This payload then triggers the vulnerability and allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the victim’s system.

Mitigation Guidance

Users and administrators are strongly recommended to apply the patch provided by the vendor as soon as possible. In cases where immediate patching is not possible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These measures can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, providing an additional layer of security for the affected systems.
However, these are merely temporary solutions. The only way to fully secure the system from this vulnerability is to apply the provided patch and keep the system up-to-date with all the latest security updates.

Overview

The cybersecurity world has recently encountered a new vulnerability, CVE-2023-44120, that threatens all Spectrum Power 7 versions prior to V23Q4. This vulnerability is significant due to its potential to provide a local attacker with root access. Its impact is far-reaching, affecting both businesses and individuals who depend on the stability and security of Spectrum Power 7 for their operations. The gravity of the situation is underscored by its severity, as indicated by the CVSS score, which suggests that this vulnerability should not be taken lightly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-44120
Severity: High – 7.8 (CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low (Local administrative account)
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Spectrum Power 7 | All versions < V23Q4 How the Exploit Works

In the case of CVE-2023-44120, the vulnerability lies in the sudo configuration of Spectrum Power 7. This vulnerability allows the local administrative account to execute several entries as the root user. An authenticated local attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting arbitrary code, thereby gaining root access. This root access gives the attacker the ability to perform any action on the system, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

$ sudo -u root /bin/bash
# Now we are in a root shell
# Inject malicious code
echo "malicious_code" >> /etc/cron.d/malicious_code

In this example, the attacker is using the sudo command to switch to the root user. Once they are in a root shell, they inject malicious code into the system by appending it to a cron job. The cron job will then execute the malicious code, compromising the system.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If the vendor patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation method. These systems can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. However, they should not be considered a long-term solution, as they do not address the underlying vulnerability.

Overview

A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in PowerSYSTEM Center versions 2020 Update 16 and earlier versions. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2023-6631, could potentially allow an authorized local user to insert arbitrary code into the unquoted service path and escalate their privileges. This could result in a significant impact on the security of the system, allowing the unauthorized alteration of system configurations or even data leakage. The vulnerability is especially critical for businesses and organizations that utilize PowerSYSTEM Center for their operations.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-6631
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

PowerSYSTEM Center | 2020 Update 16 and prior

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the unquoted service path of PowerSYSTEM Center. A local user with low-level access can manipulate this service path by inserting arbitrary code. This code execution can lead to escalated privileges beyond that of the user’s current level. With these escalated privileges, the user can then perform unauthorized actions such as altering system configurations or accessing sensitive data, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

# Locate the service path
service_path=$(wmic service get name,pathname | findstr /i "PowerSYSTEM Center")
# Inject arbitrary code into the service path
echo "malicious_code" > "$service_path\malicious_code.exe"
# Start the service, executing the arbitrary code with escalated privileges
net start "PowerSYSTEM Center"

In the above pseudo-code, the attacker first identifies the service path for PowerSYSTEM Center. They then insert their malicious code into this path. When the service is started, the malicious code is executed, leading to privilege escalation.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of PowerSYSTEM Center versions 2020 Update 16 and prior are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. Until then, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation to monitor and block potential exploit attempts. Regularly reviewing system and application logs for any unusual activity can also help to detect potential exploits.

Overview

In the world of cybersecurity, CVE-2025-45616 has been identified as a critical vulnerability affecting brcc v1.2.0. This security flaw arises from incorrect access control mechanism in the /admin/** API, leading to an unauthorized attacker gaining administrative privileges. The severity of this issue is underscored by its CVSS score of 9.8, which denotes a serious threat to system integrity. Given the potential for system compromise or data leakage, it is crucial that affected organizations take immediate steps to mitigate this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45616
Severity: Critical (9.8/10 on CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage through unauthorized admin access

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

brcc | v1.2.0

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-45616 vulnerability lies within the /admin/
API of the brcc v1.2.0 software. This API is incorrectly configured to allow unrestricted access, a flaw which can be exploited by attackers to gain admin rights. The attacker crafts a special request, which when sent to the /admin/
API, allows them to bypass the normal access control mechanisms and gain administrative privileges. Once the attacker gains these privileges, they can compromise the system or cause data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request:

POST /admin/** HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"admin_access": "True",
"username": "attacker",
"password": "password123"
}

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the /admin/** API endpoint with credentials that should not have admin access. However, due to the incorrect access control, the server grants admin rights to the attacker.

Mitigation and Prevention

Mitigation of this vulnerability requires prompt actions. An immediate solution would be to apply the vendor patch. If the patch is not available, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation method. These will help detect and block suspicious activities or requests.
In the long term, it’s crucial to have a robust patch management process in place to ensure that software updates and patches are applied promptly. Regular security audits and penetration testing can also aid in the early detection of vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-45616, thus reducing the window of opportunity for potential attackers.

Overview

In the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity, it’s crucial to stay one step ahead of potential threats. A recent vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-45615, has emerged within the /admin/ API of yaoqishan v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT – an open-source software widely used in various web applications. This vulnerability allows attackers to gain unauthorized access to Admin rights via a specially crafted request, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Given the severity of this threat, it’s necessary for organizations using this software to understand the nature of the vulnerability and take swift actions to mitigate its impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45615
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

yaoqishan | v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

How the Exploit Works

CVE-2025-45615 is an access control vulnerability. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the /admin/ API endpoint of yaoqishan v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT. Due to the incorrect access control mechanism, the software fails to properly validate this request and grants the attacker Admin rights. This could potentially lead to unauthorized system access, manipulation of system data, or even a full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this hypothetical HTTP request, an attacker sends a malicious payload to the /admin/ API endpoint:

POST /admin/ HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "admin_privileges": "true" }

In this example, the “admin_privileges”: “true” part of the request is the malicious payload. The server incorrectly validates this request, granting the attacker admin rights.

Mitigation Guidance

The best way to mitigate the risk of this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch once it’s available. Until the patch is released, an effective temporary mitigation can be achieved by using a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) to block or alert on any suspicious activity related to the admin API.
As always, it’s recommended to keep all systems and software up-to-date, regularly review system logs for any suspicious activity, and follow best cybersecurity practices to ensure the security of your systems.

Overview

CVE-2025-45612 is a high severity vulnerability discovered in the xmall software application version 1.1. This vulnerability, if exploited, allows attackers to bypass the authentication process and gain unauthorized access to the system through a crafted GET request to /index. Such an attack can lead to potential system compromise and data leakage, posing significant risk to businesses, their customers, and their reputation. Addressing this vulnerability is of utmost importance to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45612
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

xmall | v1.1

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-45612 exploit works by taking advantage of the incorrect access control mechanism in xmall v1.1. An attacker can craft a special GET request to the /index endpoint, bypassing the usual authentication process. Given that no user interaction or special privileges are required, this makes the exploit highly dangerous and easy to perform. Once the attacker gains unauthorized access, they have the potential to compromise the system and leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /index HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
X-Crafted-Auth: bypass

In this request, the attacker uses a crafted header (`X-Crafted-Auth: bypass`) to exploit the incorrect access control vulnerability, bypassing the authentication process and gaining unauthorized access to the system.

Mitigation Guidance

The most reliable mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor. This should close the security hole and keep your system protected. In the absence of an immediate patch, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to block or alert on suspicious requests to the /index endpoint, thereby providing an additional layer of defense while a more permanent solution is implemented.

Overview

The vulnerability designated as CVE-2025-45611 is a critical security issue that affects the hope-boot v1.0.0. Incorrect access control in the /user/edit/ component of this version enables potential attackers to bypass authentication through a specially crafted GET request. This vulnerability has a wide-reaching impact as it could potentially compromise the system and lead to data leakage. It is of utmost importance that this vulnerability is addressed promptly to prevent malicious access and maintain the integrity of the system.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45611
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Hope-boot | v1.0.0

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the incorrect access control present in the /user/edit/ component of hope-boot v1.0.0. An attacker can craft a specific GET request that bypasses the normal authentication process, granting them unauthorized access to the system. This access can then be used to compromise the system or extract sensitive data, depending on the attacker’s intentions.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability could be exploited, using an HTTP GET request:

GET /user/edit/ HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:58.0)
Accept: */*
Referer: http://target.example.com/login
Connection: close

This request would be crafted to exploit the vulnerability, bypassing the usual authentication process and gaining unauthorized access to the system.

Recommendations for Mitigation

The most effective mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. If the patch is not available or cannot be applied immediately, utilizing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can act as a temporary mitigation by identifying and blocking suspicious activity.

Overview

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-45607 is a serious security flaw that resides in the itranswarp v2.19 management component. This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass authentication through a specially crafted request, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. It affects businesses and individuals using itranswarp v2.19, a widely used software, making it a significant concern. The severity of this vulnerability, combined with the widespread use of the affected software, underscores the importance of understanding and mitigating this risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45607
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

itranswarp | v2.19

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the /manage/ component of itranswarp v2.19. An attacker crafts a specific request that, when processed by the /manage/ component, circumvents the authentication mechanisms in place. This bypass allows the attacker unauthorized access to the system, potentially leading to data leakage or complete system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a hypothetical HTTP request, and the exact nature of the “malicious_payload” would depend on the specific system and attacker’s goals.

POST /manage/ HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "bypass_auth": "true", "malicious_payload": "..." }

Mitigation

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-released patch that fixes the flaw in the /manage/ component. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation, helping to detect and block attempts to exploit the vulnerability. However, these measures should be seen as temporary, and applying the vendor patch should be prioritized to fully mitigate the risk.

Overview

CVE-2022-3328 is a race condition vulnerability in the snap-confine’s must_mkdir_and_open_with_perms() function. This vulnerability could potentially allow an attacker to compromise the system or lead to data leakage. It is a serious concern for organizations and individuals who use affected products, as it can lead to unauthorized access, disruption of service, and loss of sensitive data. The severity of this vulnerability and its potential for misuse make it a crucial issue that requires immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2022-3328
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS v3.1 Score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Snap-confine | Prior to patch release

How the Exploit Works

The race condition vulnerability in snap-confine’s must_mkdir_and_open_with_perms() function occurs when concurrent processes are allowed to access shared data or resources without proper synchronization mechanisms. This could allow an attacker to manipulate critical data during the small window of time between the check and the use of the resource, leading to potentially unpredictable and dangerous outcomes. In the case of CVE-2022-3328, the race condition could enable an attacker with local access to escalate privileges or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

While an actual exploit code is beyond the scope of this article, the conceptual exploit would involve creating a malicious process that could interfere with the snap-confine’s must_mkdir_and_open_with_perms() function. The attacker’s process could potentially manipulate the critical data during the vulnerable window, resulting in escalated privileges or data leakage. In a simplified form, the conceptual exploit could look something like this:

# Attacker's malicious process
while true; do
rm -rf /vulnerable/directory
ln -s /target/directory /vulnerable/directory
done

This conceptual code represents a continuous loop that removes a vulnerable directory and replaces it with a symlink to a target directory. If this operation is timed correctly, it could manipulate the snap-confine’s function into working with the attacker’s chosen target directory.

Recommendations

The best mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor as soon as possible. If immediate patching is not feasible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these are not long-term solutions, and the system remains vulnerable until the patch is applied. Users and administrators should prioritize updating their systems to protect against this vulnerability.