Overview
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the ‘dagre-d3-es’ Node.js package, specifically within the ‘bk’ module’s addConflict function. This vulnerability is of particular concern to developers and organizations that utilize this package in their software or web applications. The flaw lies in the improper sanitization of user-supplied input during property assignment operations, enabling attackers to exploit prototype pollution vulnerabilities and potentially compromise systems or leak sensitive data.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-57347
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage, denial of service, unexpected application behavior, or execution of arbitrary code.
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Product | Affected Versions
‘dagre-d3-es’ Node.js Package | <=7.0.9 How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability stems from the ‘bk’ module’s addConflict function within the ‘dagre-d3-es’ Node.js package. This function fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input during property assignment operations. As a result, an attacker can inject malicious input values (e.g., “__proto__”) to modify the JavaScript Object prototype chain unauthorizedly. This is known as prototype pollution.
If the polluted properties are later accessed or executed, it could lead to denial of service conditions, unexpected application behavior, or potential execution of arbitrary code. Essentially, this gives an attacker the ability to manipulate application data or even behavior, which may result in a full system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Consider the following conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:
// The attacker constructs an object with malicious input
let maliciousPayload = JSON.parse('{"__proto__":{"pollute":"Prototype chain polluted!"}}');
// The attacker passes the malicious object to the vulnerable 'addConflict' function
bk.addConflict(maliciousPayload);
// Any subsequent object created will have the polluted properties
let newObj = {};
console.log(newObj.pollute); // Outputs: "Prototype chain polluted!"This conceptual example illustrates how an attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability to manipulate an application’s data and behavior.
Mitigation Guidance
Given the severity of this vulnerability, it’s recommended that affected users apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, users can employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation approach to detect and prevent potential exploitation attempts.
