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CVE-2025-40591: Command Injection Vulnerability in RUGGEDCOM ROX Devices

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Overview

This report provides an in-depth analysis of the recently discovered security vulnerability, CVE-2025-40591, which affects multiple versions of RUGGEDCOM ROX devices. This vulnerability, when exploited, could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, making it a serious issue for businesses using these devices. The vulnerability is particularly critical due to its ability to grant root privileges and disclose file system contents to an authenticated remote attacker.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-40591
Severity: High (CVSS 7.7)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Authenticated user)
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 | All versions < V2.16.5 RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 | All versions < V2.16.5 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the ‘Log Viewers’ tool in the web interface of the affected devices. Due to missing server-side input sanitation, an authenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious commands. This allows the attacker to execute the ‘tail’ command with root privileges, thereby disclosing the contents of all files in the filesystem.

Conceptual Example Code

The following conceptual example demonstrates how an authenticated attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /log_viewer HTTP/1.1
Host: affected_device_ip
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer <auth_token>
{ "command": "; tail -n 100 /etc/passwd;" }

In the example above, the attacker injects a malicious ‘tail’ command into the ‘command’ parameter of a POST request to the ‘/log_viewer’ endpoint, and as a result, the contents of the ‘/etc/passwd’ file are returned in the response, revealing sensitive information.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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