Overview
In the world of cybersecurity, the detection and mitigation of vulnerabilities is vital to maintaining the security integrity of our systems. One such vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-51452, affects TOTOLINK A7000R firmware 9.1.0u.6115_B20201022. This vulnerability can allow an attacker to bypass the login process and potentially compromise the system or leak data. This vulnerability has a significant impact on all users of the affected firmware, as it can lead to unauthorized access and breach of sensitive data.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-51452
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 9.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access, potential system compromise, and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK A7000R Firmware | 9.1.0u.6115_B20201022
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies within the formLoginAuth.htm of the TOTOLINK A7000R firmware. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specific request to this URL. This request allows the attacker to bypass the login process without needing any valid credentials. Once bypassed, the attacker gains unauthorized access to the system which can lead to compromise and data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The specific malicious payload details are omitted for ethical reasons.
POST /formLoginAuth.htm HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
{ "bypass_login": "True" }In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the `formLoginAuth.htm` endpoint. The `bypass_login` parameter is set to `True`, which, due to the vulnerability, allows the attacker to bypass the login process and gain access to the system.
Mitigation
Until a vendor patch is available, it is recommended to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to mitigate this vulnerability. These systems can be configured to detect and block the specific request used to exploit this vulnerability. Regularly updating your systems and applying patches as soon as they become available should be a standard practice in your cybersecurity strategy.