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CVE-2025-4354: Critical Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda DAP-1520

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Overview

A serious vulnerability has been identified in the Tenda DAP-1520 1.10B04_BETA02, a popular network optimization device used in various sectors. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-4354, is classified as critical and possesses the potential to compromise systems or lead to data leakage. Being a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability, it poses a significant risk as it can be remotely exploited by attackers, thereby necessitating immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4354
Severity: Critical, CVSS 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, Data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Tenda DAP-1520 | 1.10B04_BETA02

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the function check_dws_cookie of the file /storage in the affected Tenda device. The manipulation of this function leads to a stack-based buffer overflow. A buffer overflow occurs when more data is put into a fixed-length buffer than it can handle, causing the extra data to overflow, overwrite adjacent memory, and potentially execute arbitrary code. In this case, a remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability to compromise the system or leak data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how a HTTP request may exploit this vulnerability:

POST /storage/check_dws_cookie HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "buffer_overflow": "A_LONG_STRING_THAT_CAUSES_OVERFLOW..." }

In this example, the “buffer_overflow” field contains a string that is longer than what the buffer in the function check_dws_cookie can handle, causing a buffer overflow and potentially allowing arbitrary code execution.

Mitigation Guidance

As a critical vulnerability with a public exploit, CVE-2025-4354 requires immediate mitigation. Users of the affected Tenda DAP-1520 version are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, temporary mitigation can be achieved by using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block exploit attempts. As always, it is recommended to keep all systems and software up-to-date to prevent exploitation of known vulnerabilities.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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