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CVE-2025-28381: Credential Leak Vulnerability in OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0

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Overview

This report provides an in-depth analysis of the recently identified cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-28381. This critical vulnerability affects OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0, where an attacker can access service credentials stored as environment variables in all containers. The potential impact of this vulnerability is significant, including potential system compromise and data leakage, which emphasizes the urgency of this issue.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-28381
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, Data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

OpenC3 COSMOS | v6.0.0

How the Exploit Works

The attacker can exploit this vulnerability by targeting the OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 system’s containers. Due to a lack of proper security measures, service credentials are stored as environment variables in all containers. This flaw allows an attacker to access these credentials, potentially compromising the entire system and leaking sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

While no specific exploit code is available, the attack may resemble the conceptual example below:

$ docker exec -it [container_id] env

This shell command, executed within the compromised system, lists the environment variables of a specific container. If the credentials are stored as plain environment variables, the attacker could extract them from the output of this command.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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