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CVE-2025-1021: Unauthorized File Access in Synology DiskStation Manager

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Overview

CVE-2025-1021 is a critical vulnerability found in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) versions before 7.1.1-42962-8, 7.2.1-69057-7, and 7.2.2-72806-3. This vulnerability exists due to missing authorization in the synocopy function, allowing remote attackers to read arbitrary files. As this vulnerability can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, it is of high importance to system administrators and cybersecurity professionals.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-1021
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Synology DiskStation Manager | < 7.1.1-42962-8 Synology DiskStation Manager | < 7.2.1-69057-7 Synology DiskStation Manager | < 7.2.2-72806-3 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the synocopy function in the Synology DiskStation Manager. Due to lack of proper authorization checks, an attacker can send a specially crafted request to this function. This request can direct the function to read files from arbitrary locations on the system. The read data is then returned in the response, potentially revealing sensitive system or user data.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual exploitation of this vulnerability might look like this:

POST /synocopy/readfile HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable_diskstation.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"filepath": "/etc/passwd"
}

In this example, an attacker is instructing the synocopy function to read the system’s password file. The contents of this file would then be included in the HTTP response.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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