Author: Ameeba

Overview

The CVE-2025-6204 is a significant cybersecurity vulnerability that affects DELMIA Apriso, a product suite used by manufacturing industries worldwide. This vulnerability, present in the software from Release 2020 through Release 2025, can potentially compromise the entire system or lead to data leakage. It is of particular concern due to the wide usage of DELMIA Apriso and the high-risk nature of the exploit, which allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6204
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, Data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

DELMIA Apriso | Release 2020 – Release 2025

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability stems from an improper control of the generation of code, specifically a code injection flaw. This flaw allows an attacker to introduce arbitrary code into the system without proper validation or sanitization. Once the malicious code is injected, it is executed in the context of the application, thus potentially compromising the system or leaking sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious payload embedded into a HTTP request:

POST /apriso/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "exec('rm -rf / --no-preserve-root');" }

In this example, the “malicious_payload” is a command that, if executed, would delete all files in the system. This is just an example and the actual payload could be anything, depending on the attacker’s intent.

Mitigation Measures

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. Users of DELMIA Apriso are advised to update their software to the latest version where this vulnerability has been addressed. If for some reason updating isn’t immediately possible, it’s recommended to use Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) as temporary mitigation. These systems can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are just temporary solutions and updating the software is the best way to ensure security.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures system (CVE), a list of publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities, has identified a significant flaw in the CODESYS Control runtime system. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-41659, could allow a low-privileged attacker to remotely access the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) folder and manipulate certificates and keys, which could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage.
The flaw is particularly concerning as it affects the secure communication protocols of the Control runtime system, which is widely used in industries such as manufacturing, energy, water, and automation sectors. The vulnerability’s serious nature is underscored by its CVSS Severity Score of 8.3, indicating a high level of severity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41659
Severity: High (CVSS Score 8.3)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CODESYS Control runtime system | All versions prior to [Insert fixed version]

How the Exploit Works

This exploit takes advantage of an insecure configuration in the CODESYS Control runtime system. A low-privileged attacker can send specially crafted requests to the system, allowing them to remotely access the PKI folder. Once inside, they can read and write certificates and keys. These actions can lead to sensitive data extraction or accepting certificates as trusted. If the certificates are deleted, the system defaults to unencrypted communication.

Conceptual Example Code

The vulnerability could potentially be exploited with a simple HTTP request like the following:

GET /PKI/folder/path HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.codesys.control

Once the attacker gains access to the PKI folder, they can then manipulate the certificates and keys, for example:

PUT /PKI/folder/path/certificate HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.codesys.control
Content-Type: application/x-pem-file
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
(Malicious Certificate)
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

These examples are conceptual and for illustrative purposes only. The actual exploit might require more sophisticated methods or specific conditions.

Mitigation Guidance

The primary mitigation method for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. If a patch is not yet available or cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can monitor traffic and detect suspicious activities that may indicate an attempted exploitation of the vulnerability. However, these are not long-term solutions, and it’s crucial to apply the patch as soon as possible to ensure maximum security.

Overview

A significant security vulnerability, CVE-2025-44643, has been identified in certain products from DrayTek, a manufacturer of network equipment. The vulnerability arises from an insecure configuration in the ripd.conf configuration file that sets a weak hardcoded password. This has been found to impact DrayTek’s AP903 v1.4.18, AP912C v1.4.9, and AP918R v1.4.9 products. This issue is of grave concern as any attacker with network access could exploit this loophole to gain unauthorized control over the routing daemon, potentially altering network routes or intercepting traffic.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44643
Severity: High (8.6 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized control over the routing daemon, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

DrayTek AP903 | v1.4.18
DrayTek AP912C | v1.4.9
DrayTek AP918R | v1.4.9

How the Exploit Works

The insecure configuration vulnerability exploits the setting of the password property in the ripd.conf configuration file. This file sets a hardcoded weak password, thereby posing a security risk. An attacker with network access can leverage this vulnerability by exploiting the weak password to gain unauthorized access to the routing daemon. Once the attacker gains control over the routing daemon, they can manipulate network routes or intercept network traffic, potentially leading to system compromise and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited could be an attacker using a network scanning tool to identify devices with the vulnerable DrayTek versions. Once identified, they could utilize the hardcoded weak password to gain unauthorized access. A pseudo command might look like this:

nmap -sV --script=vuln target_network
ssh root@target_device_ip
password: hardcoded_weak_password
# Now the attacker has control of the routing daemon

It should be noted that the above is a hypothetical example and does not represent actual exploit code.

Mitigation Guidance

DrayTek users are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately to mitigate this vulnerability. As a temporary measure, users can also use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent potential attacks. Regularly updating and patching network devices and refraining from using hardcoded passwords are also recommended.

Overview

In the fast-evolving landscape of cybersecurity, it is crucial to identify and address system vulnerabilities promptly. One such vulnerability has been discovered in the RUCKUS Network Director (RND), designated as CVE-2025-44955. This vulnerability has far-reaching implications for all users of RND versions prior to 4.5, as it could potentially allow jailed users to escalate their privileges and obtain root access via a weak, hardcoded password.
The exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to severe system compromise and data leakage, posing a significant threat to any organization’s network security. Given the critical role of RND in managing wireless infrastructure, understanding and mitigating this vulnerability is of paramount importance for maintaining robust network security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44955
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and Potential Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

RUCKUS Network Director | Before 4.5

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the use of a weak hardcoded password in RND versions before 4.5. This allows jailed users, who are ordinarily restricted within the system, to exploit this vulnerability and escalate their privileges to obtain root access. With root access, these users can then execute commands with unrestricted privileges, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakages.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example demonstrating how the vulnerability might be exploited via a shell command:

ssh jaileduser@target.system.com
# User enters the weak hardcoded password
password: weak_password
# User now has jailed access to the system
# Privilege escalation to root user via the hardcoded password
su root
password: weak_password
# User now has root access to the system

Remember, this example is purely conceptual and does not represent an actual exploit code. It’s intended to illustrate the potential impact of the vulnerability and the ease with which it could be exploited if left unaddressed.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor. If for any reason, the patch cannot be immediately applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary mitigation. However, the ultimate solution remains the application of the vendor patch. Always strive to keep your systems up-to-date to prevent such vulnerabilities from being exploited.

Overview

CVE-2025-8109 is a highly critical vulnerability that exposes systems to potential compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability predominantly affects software installed and run as a non-privileged user, and it involves the misuse of ptrace system calls to issue writes to GPU origin read-only memory. Given the ubiquity of GPU usage in both personal and professional computing environments, this vulnerability has far-reaching implications and demands immediate attention.
The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by its CVSS Severity Score of 8.8, indicating a high level of threat to system integrity, confidentiality, and availability. This blog post aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CVE-2025-8109, its potential impact, and the mitigation strategies that can be employed to protect against it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-8109
Severity: High (CVSS:8.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Software X] | All versions prior to [Version Y]
[Software Z] | All versions prior to [Version Q]

How the Exploit Works

This exploit takes advantage of a misconfiguration in the system that allows ptrace system calls to write to GPU origin read-only memory. Normally, the system restricts such calls to prevent any unauthorized modification of the data in the GPU memory. However, when the software is executed as a non-privileged user, these restrictions are bypassed, creating a window of opportunity for an attacker to manipulate the data in the GPU memory and potentially gain unauthorized access to the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

The following pseudocode provides a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

# Exploit CVE-2025-8109
import ptrace
def exploit(target_process):
# Attach to the target process using ptrace
debugger = ptrace.debugger.PtraceDebugger()
process = debugger.addProcess(target_process, False)
# Write to GPU memory
for address in gpu_memory_addresses:
process.writeBytes(address, "malicious_data")
exploit(target_process)

Please note this example is purely conceptual and is provided to illustrate how the vulnerability can be exploited. Actual exploitation of this vulnerability would require a more complex and specific approach.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor-supplied patch. If the patch is not available or cannot be applied immediately, use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation. Ensure to update your software regularly and monitor system logs for any unusual activity.

Overview

The cybersecurity industry is facing an alarming situation due to the discovery of a new vulnerability, CVE-2025-20702. This flaw exists in the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK, a widely used software component in Bluetooth-enabled devices. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to the RACE protocol, leading to a remote escalation of privilege. This issue is particularly concerning because it does not require any additional execution privileges or user interaction to be exploited. As a result, it poses a severe threat to devices using the affected audio SDK, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-20702
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Remote escalation of privilege potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Airoha Bluetooth Audio SDK | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability stems from insufficient security measures in the RACE protocol of the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK. An attacker could exploit this flaw by sending specifically crafted data packets over the network to the targeted device. Upon receipt, the device processes these packets, enabling the attacker to manipulate the RACE protocol and escalate their privileges remotely. The absence of required user interaction or additional execution privileges makes this exploit remarkably stealthy and dangerous.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example represents a malicious payload sent over the network to the targeted device.

POST /RACE/protocol HTTP/1.1
Host: target_device_ip
Content-Type: application/bin
{ "malicious_payload": "base64_encoded_exploit_code" }

In this simulated exploit, ‘base64_encoded_exploit_code’ would represent the actual malicious code designed to manipulate the RACE protocol and escalate privileges on the targeted device.

Mitigation

The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch for the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK. In cases where immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation method, providing an additional layer of security against potential exploitation. Always remember that these are only temporary solutions, and applying the official patch should be the ultimate goal.

Overview

The Austrian Archaeological Institute’s OpenAtlas platform has been discovered to contain a critical security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-51536. This vulnerability pertains to a hardcoded Administrator password in OpenAtlas version 8.11.0, a serious issue that leaves systems open to potential unauthorized access and exploitation. Given the high Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score of 9.8, this matter requires urgent attention from system administrators, security experts, and all users of the affected product.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-51536
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

AI OpenAtlas | v8.11.0

How the Exploit Works

A hardcoded Administrator password in OpenAtlas v8.11.0 allows any remote attacker with network access to the system to potentially bypass authentication mechanisms. By exploiting this vulnerability, unauthorized users can gain full administrative rights over the system. This presents a variety of potential threats, including the alteration or deletion of sensitive data, unauthorized execution of commands, and the potential introduction of additional malicious software.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker could potentially exploit the hardcoded password vulnerability like this:

POST /login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin&password=hardcoded_password

In the above example, `hardcoded_password` is the hardcoded Administrator password present in the OpenAtlas v8.11.0. Once the attacker has gained access, they will have full administrative rights over the system.

Mitigation

The Austrian Archaeological Institute has published a patch to address this vulnerability. It is essential that system administrators of affected installations apply this patch without delay. Until the patch can be applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may provide temporary mitigation. However, these measures should not be seen as a long-term solution.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving with new vulnerabilities being discovered regularly, posing a serious threat to sensitive customer information and system integrity. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-36594, is a severe loophole found in Dell PowerProtect Data Domain’s feature release and LTS versions. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker with remote access the ability to spoof and bypass the authentication protocols, potentially leading to unauthorized access and data exposure. Given the ubiquity of Dell’s systems across many sectors, this vulnerability is of significant concern and should be promptly addressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-36594
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage and unauthorized account creation

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Dell PowerProtect Data Domain (Feature Release) | 7.7.1.0 through 8.3.0.15
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain (LTS2024 Release) | 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.25
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain (LTS 2023 Release) | 7.10.1.0 through 7.10.1.60

How the Exploit Works

The exploit capitalizes on a flaw in the authentication mechanism of the Dell PowerProtect Data Domain systems. Specifically, it allows an unauthenticated user with remote access to spoof their identity and bypass authentication checks. This can result in the attacker gaining unauthorized access and creating accounts, which could potentially expose sensitive customer information, compromise the system’s integrity, and disrupt its availability.

Conceptual Example Code

The following conceptual code simulates a malicious request to a vulnerable endpoint:

POST /dell-powerprotect/data-domain/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "username": "admin", "password": "malicious_password", "role": "admin", "access": "full" }

In this sample, the attacker is attempting to create an admin account with full access rights by sending a malicious POST request to the system’s endpoint.

Mitigation

The best course of action to mitigate the impact of this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor as soon as possible. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation and help prevent potential exploitation of this vulnerability. It is crucial to always keep your software up-to-date and regularly review your system’s security configurations and logs for any unusual activities.

Overview

This blog post shines light on a severe vulnerability, CVE-2025-20701, that has been detected in the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK. This vulnerability allows an attacker to pair a Bluetooth audio device without the device owner’s consent, leading to possible remote escalation of privileges. It’s a potential threat to any system or device that uses the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK, as it may result in system compromise or data leakage. As the vulnerability does not require additional execution privileges or user interaction, it poses a significant risk and therefore needs immediate attention.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-20701
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Airoha Bluetooth Audio SDK | All versions prior to the latest patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK that doesn’t require user consent when pairing a Bluetooth audio device. An attacker can utilize this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to the device and escalate privileges remotely without any additional execution privileges needed. This could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a higher-level conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

struct BT_Device {
char* device_id;
char* device_key;
}
void exploit_device(BT_Device* device) {
device->device_key = generate_new_key();
pair_device(device);
}

In this pseudo-code example, the attacker generates a new key for the device and pairs it without the user’s consent. This could be part of a larger malicious program designed to take control of the device and potentially leak sensitive data.

Mitigation Guidance

The best remediation step is to apply the latest patch provided by the vendor. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation.
It’s also advisable to monitor network traffic for any suspicious activity, especially any attempts to pair Bluetooth devices without user consent. Regularly updating all software and maintaining good cybersecurity practices can further lessen the risk of such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a serious vulnerability in the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK, which has been designated as CVE-2025-20700. This vulnerability threatens all systems that utilise this Bluetooth audio SDK, potentially leading to unauthorised access to critical data through the Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) GATT service.
The significance of this vulnerability lies in its potential to lead to a remote escalation of privilege, without the need for additional execution privileges and without requiring user interaction. This makes it a critical risk for all systems and devices using the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK, as it can result in system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-20700
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Escalation of privilege, potential system compromise, and data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Airoha Bluetooth Audio SDK | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-20700 vulnerability is a permission bypass issue that resides within the Airoha Bluetooth audio SDK. This vulnerability can be exploited through the Bluetooth LE GATT service, which is specifically designed for short-range wireless communication.
An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the Bluetooth LE GATT service. The vulnerability allows the attacker to bypass the permissions needed to access the critical data of the RACE protocol. This can lead to an escalation of privilege, granting the attacker the ability to manipulate or compromise the system remotely.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might send a specially crafted request to exploit the vulnerability:

POST /BluetoothLE/GATT/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "exploit_payload": "permission_bypass_data" }

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the Bluetooth LE GATT service with a JSON payload designed to exploit the permission bypass vulnerability.

Mitigation Guidance

The recommended mitigation for the CVE-2025-20700 vulnerability is to apply a patch from the vendor as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, systems can be temporarily protected by using a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.