Author: Ameeba

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, and the need to stay up-to-date with the latest vulnerabilities is ever-present. In today’s blog post, we will be discussing a severe vulnerability, CVE-2025-54952, that affects ExecuTorch models prior to commit 8f062d3f661e20bb19b24b767b9a9a46e8359f2b. This vulnerability is of particular concern due to its high severity score of 9.8 and the potential for system compromise or data leakage. The exploit could potentially allow malicious actors to execute code or cause other undesirable effects, underlining the importance of understanding and mitigating such threats.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54952
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ExecuTorch | Prior to commit 8f062d3f661e20bb19b24b767b9a9a46e8359f2b

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-54952 vulnerability leverages an integer overflow when loading ExecuTorch models. This overflow can cause smaller-than-expected memory regions to be allocated during the loading process. The insufficient memory allocation may not properly handle the size of the data, leading to a buffer overflow. This overflow can potentially allow malicious actors to inject and execute arbitrary code within the context of the application, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. Note that this is a simplified illustration and actual exploitation would require more complex techniques.

# This is a simplified, conceptual example
# An attacker creates a large ExecuTorch model
large_model = create_large_model()
# The model is saved with more data than the memory allocation can handle
save_model(large_model, "malicious_model.pth")
# The victim's system tries to load the large model, causing an integer overflow
# This could allow the attacker's code to be executed
load_model("malicious_model.pth")

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor patch released by ExecuTorch. The patch addresses the vulnerability by correcting the integer overflow error during the loading of models. It ensures proper memory allocation, thus preventing potential buffer overflows. Alternatively, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can also be used as temporary mitigation. However, these are not long-term solutions and the vendor patch should be applied as soon as possible.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a severe security flaw, denoted as CVE-2025-54951, in the ExecuTorch Machine Learning Framework. This vulnerability stems from a group of related buffer overflow issues that arise during the loading of ExecuTorch models. If successfully exploited, these vulnerabilities could cause the runtime to crash, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution or other undesirable effects. This issue is of significant concern to any organization or individual utilizing ExecuTorch versions prior to commit cea9b23aa8ff78aff92829a466da97461cc7930c.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54951
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ExecuTorch | Prior to commit cea9b23aa8ff78aff92829a466da97461cc7930c

How the Exploit Works

This flaw exploits buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the loading of ExecuTorch models. An attacker can craft a malicious model that, when loaded into the ExecuTorch runtime, overflows the buffer, causing a crash. This crash can then be leveraged to execute arbitrary code or trigger other undesirable effects. This does not require any user interaction or special privileges, making it a particularly dangerous vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Although the specifics of the exploit could vary, a conceptual example might look something like this:

# Loading a maliciously crafted model
model = torch.load('malicious_model.pth')
# The model contains oversized tensors that cause a buffer overflow
# when loaded into the ExecuTorch runtime.

Mitigation

Users are strongly recommended to apply the vendor-supplied patch by updating their ExecuTorch to a version later than commit cea9b23aa8ff78aff92829a466da97461cc7930c. As a temporary mitigation, users can also implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, this is a temporary measure and does not substitute updating to a patched version.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape has just witnessed the emergence of a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-54950, that poses a significant threat to users of the ExecuTorch tool. This tool, widely used in data science and artificial intelligence communities, has a flaw that could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, translating into considerable damage. The vulnerability affects ExecuTorch versions prior to commit b6b7a16df5e7852d976d8c34c8a7e9a1b6f7d005 and can have severe repercussions if exploited by malicious entities.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54950
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ExecuTorch | Prior to commit b6b7a16df5e7852d976d8c34c8a7e9a1b6f7d005

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the code responsible for loading ExecuTorch models. An out-of-bounds access vulnerability allows an attacker to cause the runtime to crash and potentially execute malicious code. This could be achieved by feeding an oversized or maliciously crafted model to ExecuTorch, forcing the software to access memory locations that it should not, causing the crash and potentially opening the door for further exploitation.

Conceptual Example Code

While the specific exploitation code would depend on the attacker’s intent and the system’s specifics, the general idea is to provide a maliciously crafted model to the vulnerable version of ExecuTorch. Here is a simplified example of how this might look:

import executorch
# Create a maliciously crafted model
malicious_model = executorch.Model()
malicious_model.load_data('malicious_data')
# Load the malicious model into a vulnerable ExecuTorch instance
vulnerable_executorch = executorch.Engine()
vulnerable_executorch.load_model(malicious_model)

In this conceptual example, ‘malicious_data’ would be crafted in a way that triggers the out-of-bounds access, causing the runtime to crash and potentially allowing the attacker to execute their code. This example code is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent a real exploit.

Mitigation

The recommended mitigation strategy is to apply the vendor-provided patch immediately. Users unable to do so can temporarily mitigate the vulnerability using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to block or alert on suspicious activity related to ExecuTorch model loading. However, these are temporary measures and cannot substitute the need for the patch.

Overview

Today, we will be exploring a significant vulnerability, CVE-2025-54949, that affects the ExecuTorch models prior to the commit ede82493dae6d2d43f8c424e7be4721abe5242be. This vulnerability is particularly alarming due to the potential it has for code execution or triggering other undesirable effects. It is highly prevalent in older versions of the software, making a substantial number of systems susceptible to potential compromise and data leakage.
Given the severity of the CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability is a critical concern that requires immediate attention. The potential for system compromise and data leakage highlights the seriousness of this issue, making it crucial for all users to update their systems or implement mitigation measures.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54949
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ExecuTorch | Prior to commit ede82493dae6d2d43f8c424e7be4721abe5242be

How the Exploit Works

This exploit takes advantage of a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the loading of ExecuTorch models. By sending an improperly formatted model file that exceeds the buffer’s capacity, an attacker can cause the application to overflow its buffer, leading to the execution of malicious code or causing the system to behave unpredictably.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of this vulnerability might be an attacker sending a malicious model file to the target system. This file would be crafted in such a way that it triggers a buffer overflow when loaded. A sample command might look like this:

$ executorch load --model malicious_model.etm

In this example, “malicious_model.etm” is a model file crafted to cause a buffer overflow in the ExecuTorch software.
Remember, this is a conceptual example and not functional code. The actual exploit would require a deep understanding of the ExecuTorch model format and the specific details of the buffer overflow vulnerability.

Overview

We are examining a critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-30405, which affects the loading of ExecuTorch models. This vulnerability is due to an integer overflow that can lead to objects being placed outside their allocated memory area. Consequently, this can potentially result in unauthorized code execution or other undesirable effects. This issue is particularly alarming because it poses a severe risk to any system utilizing ExecuTorch prior to the specified commit. It is of utmost importance due to its potential for system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30405
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Local/Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, Potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ExecuTorch | Prior to commit 0830af8207240df8d7f35b984cdf8bc35d74fa73

How the Exploit Works

An attacker exploiting this vulnerability would take advantage of the integer overflow in the loading of ExecuTorch models. The overflow occurs when the size of an object exceeds its allocated memory space, allowing the attacker to place malicious objects outside this area. This misplaced object can then be used to execute code or cause other undesired effects. The vulnerability can be exploited locally or remotely, and while user interaction is required, no special privileges are needed, increasing its potential impact.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode outlines how an attacker might overflow the integer during the loading of an ExecuTorch model:

# Attacker creates an oversized model
model = execuTorch.Model()
model.size = 2**31 # Size exceeding the max integer
# Attacker loads the oversized model
model.load()
# Overflow occurs, allowing attacker to place malicious objects outside allocated memory area
malicious_object = Malicious()
model.place(malicious_object)
# Malicious object can potentially execute unauthorized code or cause other undesirable effects
malicious_object.execute()

Please note that this is a theoretical example and the actual exploit might be more complex and require in-depth knowledge of the target system and the ExecuTorch software.

Overview

CVE-2025-30404 represents a crucial security flaw discovered in the ExecuTorch machine learning software. This integer overflow vulnerability, when exploited, can cause overlapping allocations, leading to potential execution of malicious code or triggering other harmful effects. With an impressive CVSS score of 9.8, it demands immediate attention and remediation. The entities affected by this vulnerability are those using versions of ExecuTorch prior to commit d158236b1dc84539c1b16843bc74054c9dcba006. This vulnerability’s significance is amplified by the potential for system compromise or data leakage if left unaddressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30404
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ExecuTorch | Prior to commit d158236b1dc84539c1b16843bc74054c9dcba006

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an integer overflow vulnerability in the loading of ExecuTorch models. An attacker can craft malicious input that triggers the overflow, resulting in overlapping allocations. This overlapping could lead to memory corruption, which can potentially allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause the system to behave unexpectedly.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of a malicious payload that could trigger this vulnerability. This is not an actual exploit code but a representation of how an attack might occur:

import executortch
# Load a maliciously crafted model
model = executortch.load('malicious_model.pth')
# The model is used in a way that triggers the integer overflow
result = model.predict(data)

Please note that this simplified example is meant to illustrate the type of activity that could occur. In an actual attack, the crafted model would contain specific payloads designed to exploit the vulnerability and initiate unauthorized actions.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch to fix this vulnerability. If unable to immediately apply the patch, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can potentially detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, they are not a permanent solution and cannot replace the need for patching the vulnerable software.

Overview

Unveiled recently, a severe vulnerability, CVE-2025-48709, has been discovered in the BMC Control-M version 9.0.21.300. This issue is particularly concerning because it potentially exposes sensitive user data, including clear text passwords, when Control-M Server establishes a database connection. Given that this could lead to system compromise or data leakage, it is of utmost importance that system administrators and cybersecurity personnel take immediate action to mitigate this risk.
This vulnerability is of particular concern to organizations utilizing BMC Control-M for their workload automation needs. The vulnerability’s severity is underscored by its high CVSS score of 9.8, indicating that it poses a critical risk that demands immediate attention.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48709
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

BMC Control-M | 9.0.21.300

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises when the Control-M Server establishes a database connection. In this scenario, the Control-M Server frequently runs DBUStatus.exe, which then calls dbu_connection_details.vbs. The problem is, this operation is carried out with the username, password, database hostname, and port all written in cleartext. This sensitive information is then recorded in event and process logs in two separate locations, thereby making it accessible to potential attackers.

Conceptual Example Code

While an actual exploit would depend on many factors, including the specific configuration of the target system, a potential attack might involve the following steps:
1. An attacker gains local access to the system.
2. The attacker monitors the event and process logs for instances of DBUStatus.exe or dbu_connection_details.vbs being run.
3. Once such an instance is detected, the attacker reads the cleartext username, password, database hostname, and port from the logs.

# Monitor logs for instances of DBUStatus.exe or dbu_connection_details.vbs
tail -f /path/to/logfile | grep -E "DBUStatus.exe|dbu_connection_details.vbs"
# Once instance is detected, read the cleartext credentials
cat /path/to/logfile | grep -A 4 "DBUStatus.exe"

This conceptual example serves to illustrate how an attacker might take advantage of this vulnerability, but it is not a step-by-step guide for performing an actual exploit.

Overview

In today’s increasingly digitized landscape, cybersecurity has never been more crucial. One of the most recent vulnerabilities discovered is CVE-2025-53767, an Azure OpenAI Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This flaw exposes Azure OpenAI users to a significant risk, potentially leading to system compromise or even data leakage. As such, the importance of understanding and addressing this vulnerability in a timely manner cannot be overstated.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-53767
Severity: Critical – 10.0 (CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: No special privileges
User Interaction: Not required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Azure OpenAI | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-53767 vulnerability is an Elevation of Privilege (EoP) flaw in Azure OpenAI. This vulnerability allows an attacker to exploit the system and gain elevated privileges, hence its name. The attacker sends a malicious request over the network to the Azure OpenAI, which due to the vulnerability, processes the request and grants the attacker higher privileges. This can lead to unauthorized access, system compromise, and potential data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

While specific details of the exploit are kept confidential to prevent misuse, here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: azureopenai.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "elevation_request": "grant_admin_privileges" }

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with a malicious payload (‘elevation_request’: ‘grant_admin_privileges’) to a vulnerable endpoint. The Azure OpenAI system, due to the vulnerability, processes this request and elevates the privileges of the requester.

Mitigation Guidance

Until a vendor patch is applied, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is recommended to mitigate the risk associated with CVE-2025-53767. These systems can identify and block malicious traffic attempting to exploit this vulnerability. However, the most secure solution is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Remember, cybersecurity is not just about responding to incidents, but proactively managing potential threats.

Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities are an unfortunate but consistent occurrence. This blog post will detail the specifics of the critical vulnerability assigned CVE-2025-50692, which affects FoxCMS versions up to and including v1.2.5. This vulnerability is of particular concern because it allows for remote code execution in the “admin/template_file/editFile.html” file, presenting a significant risk to systems running the affected software. This could potentially lead to a system compromise and data leakage, a nightmare scenario for any organization.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50692
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

FoxCMS | <=v1.2.5 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server due to insufficient sanitization of user input in the “admin/template_file/editFile.html” file. An attacker could send a specially crafted request containing malicious code to this file. If successful, the server would execute the code, potentially leading to unauthorized access, system compromise, or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP POST request containing a malicious payload:

POST /admin/template_file/editFile.html HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "<script>malicious code here</script>" }

In this example, the “malicious_payload” field contains a script that could execute arbitrary code on the server.

Mitigation Guidance

If you are using FoxCMS v1.2.5 or earlier, it is highly recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If a patch cannot be applied immediately, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and block malicious traffic that may exploit this vulnerability. However, these are only temporary solutions, and patching the software should remain a priority to ensure your systems are secure.
In cybersecurity, staying informed and acting promptly are key to minimizing potential harm. Stay safe, stay secure!

Overview

In the cybersecurity landscape, data breaches are becoming increasingly common and devastating. Critical vulnerabilities exposed in software systems can lead to significant data leaks and system compromises. One such vulnerability, dubbed CVE-2023-41530, has recently been discovered in the Hospital Management System v4, a widely-used software tool in the healthcare industry. Given the sensitive nature of data handled by such systems, this vulnerability is of significant concern and warrants immediate attention.
The vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious SQL commands via a parameter, leading to potential system compromise and data leakage. With a CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, it’s imminent for organizations using the Hospital Management System v4 to understand the vulnerability and take appropriate mitigation actions.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-41530
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 9.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Hospital Management System | v4

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the appsearch.php file, particularly in the app_contact parameter. By manipulating this parameter, an attacker can insert malicious SQL commands into the system. These commands are then executed by the database engine, giving the attacker potential access to sensitive data or allowing them to manipulate the system.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is not a real exploit but serves to illustrate how an attacker could potentially leverage the vulnerability.

POST /appsearch.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.hospital.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app_contact=normalInput'; DROP TABLE patients; --

In this example, the attacker inserts a SQL command (‘DROP TABLE patients;’) into the app_contact parameter. The double-dash (‘–‘) signifies the start of a comment, causing the database engine to ignore any characters that follow. This effectively tricks the database into executing the attacker’s malicious command.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, it is highly recommended that users of the affected Hospital Management System v4 apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. In case the patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary measure to block SQL injection attacks. However, these are not long-term solutions and cannot replace the need for patching the software.