Author: Ameeba

Overview

A newly disclosed vulnerability, CVE-2025-5039, has been identified in certain Autodesk applications. This vulnerability exposes systems to significant risk, as it allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by crafting malicious binary files. This flaw is particularly concerning because it does not require elevated privileges, implying that even a regular user could be exploited if they interact with a compromised binary file.
The danger posed by this vulnerability is underscored by its CVSS Severity Score of 7.8, which places it in the high-risk category. This vulnerability doesn’t just affect a single product or version, but a range of Autodesk applications, potentially impacting millions of users worldwide. Therefore, immediate attention and action are necessary to prevent any potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5039
Severity: High, CVSS Score 7.8
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential System Compromise and Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Autodesk Application A | Versions X.X to Y.Y
Autodesk Application B | Versions X.X to Y.Y

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an untrusted search path utilized when loading files in certain Autodesk applications. By crafting a malicious binary file and placing it in a directory that the application searches, an attacker could cause arbitrary code to be executed within the context of the current process. This vulnerability is particularly dangerous as it does not require elevated privileges or sophisticated techniques, making it accessible to a wide range of potential attackers.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider a simple pseudocode example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

// Attacker crafts a malicious binary file
malicious_binary_file = CraftMaliciousBinaryFile();
// Attacker places the malicious binary in a directory that Autodesk application searches
PlaceInDirectory(malicious_binary_file, 'C:\\Autodesk\\Application\\Directory');
// The Autodesk application loads the malicious binary and executes the arbitrary code
application = LoadAutodeskApplication();
application.LoadFile('C:\\Autodesk\\Application\\Directory\\malicious_binary_file');

In this conceptual example, the Autodesk application would load the malicious binary file and execute the arbitrary code contained within it, leading to the potential compromise of the system or leakage of sensitive data.

Mitigation Guidance

The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. As a temporary measure, users can also employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to help detect and prevent attempted exploits of this vulnerability.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a potent cybersecurity vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-2634, that exists in NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions. This vulnerability affects the fontmgr, where improper bounds checking can result in an out of bounds read situation. This could potentially lead to information disclosure or even arbitrary code execution. For the security breach to occur, an attacker would have to persuade a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability is of sigNIficant concern to individuals and organizations using affected versions of NI LabVIEW due to its potential to compromise systems and leak data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2634
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NI LabVIEW | 2025 Q1 and prior versions

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the bounds checking of the fontmgr in NI LabVIEW. This flaw allows for an out of bounds read vulnerability. An attacker can craft a malicious VI that, when opened by a user, triggers this vulnerability. The improper bounds checking can then lead to information disclosure from the system’s memory or even the execution of arbitrary code. This execution occurs in the security context of the user running the application, which can lead to a full compromise of the system if the user has administrative privileges.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might craft a malicious VI to exploit this vulnerability. Note that this is a hypothetical example, not actual exploit code:

Open VI(Server.vi);
Set Fontmgr(invalid_bounds);
Read Memory(out_of_bounds);
If success {
Execute(arbitrary_code);
} Else {
Send Data(leaked_info);
}
Close VI(Server.vi);

In this pseudocode, the attacker opens a VI, sets the fontmgr to an out of bounds value, attempts to read memory, and if successful, executes arbitrary code. If the arbitrary code execution is unsuccessful, it sends the leaked information back to the attacker.

Mitigation Guidance

As a mitigation measure, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary relief from potential exploit attempts. Regular monitoring of system logs and network traffic can also help in detecting any unusual activity that could indicate an attempted attack.

Overview

CVE-2025-2633 is a serious security vulnerability that resides in the popular software, NI LabVIEW. The flaw, which is essentially an out of bounds read vulnerability, has the potential to disclose sensitive information or even execute arbitrary code on affected systems. This vulnerability is a serious threat as it affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 versions and older, widely used in industries including engineering, academia, and research. The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by its Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score of 7.8, indicating its high-risk nature.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2633
Severity: High, with a CVSS score of 7.8
Attack Vector: Local Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NI LabVIEW | 2025 Q1 and prior versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the lvre!UDecStrToNum function of NI LabVIEW. An attacker can craft a specially designed VI (Virtual Instrument) file that, when opened by an unsuspecting user, exploits the improper bounds checking issue in this function. This allows for an out-of-bounds read, resulting in unauthorized information disclosure or arbitrary code execution.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a basic conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability with a malicious VI file:

# Attacker crafts a malicious VI file
$ echo 'malicious_code' > exploit.vi
# Attacker sends the malicious VI file to the target
$ scp exploit.vi user@target:/path/to/vi/files/
# User on target system opens the malicious VI file in LabVIEW
$ labview /path/to/vi/files/exploit.vi

In this example, the ‘malicious_code’ would be specially crafted to exploit the out-of-bounds read vulnerability in lvre!UDecStrToNum function, possibly leading to information disclosure or arbitrary code execution.
Please note that this is a conceptual example and not actual exploit code. Exploiting this vulnerability would require a deep understanding of LabVIEW and its underlying architecture.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective mitigation measure is to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If this is not immediately feasible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary measure to detect and block any attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The CVE-2025-5042 vulnerability is a critical flaw in the popular design and construction software, Autodesk Revit. This vulnerability specifically affects the way Autodesk Revit parses RFA files, a proprietary file format used for storing building components. Exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to system compromise, data leakage, or even arbitrary code execution. The severity of this vulnerability, as well as the widespread usage of Autodesk Revit in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries, makes it a high priority for mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5042
Severity: High, CVSS Score 7.8
Attack Vector: Local Network
Privileges Required: User Level
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, data leakage, arbitrary code execution

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Autodesk Revit | All versions prior to and including version 2025

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by tricking a user into opening a maliciously crafted RFA file with Autodesk Revit. Upon parsing the file, an out-of-bounds read occurs, leading to potential data leakage or a system crash. In addition, the vulnerability could be used for arbitrary code execution within the context of the Autodesk Revit process.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this example, a malicious user crafts an RFA file with out-of-bound values that cause the software to read data beyond its intended limit.

def craft_malicious_rfa():
rfa = RFAFile()
# Create a new RFA element with out-of-bound values
element = RFAElement()
element.set_values(out_of_bound_values)
# Add the malicious element to the RFA file
rfa.add_element(element)
return rfa
# Save the malicious RFA file
malicious_rfa = craft_malicious_rfa()
malicious_rfa.save("malicious.rfa")

In this conceptual example, the `craft_malicious_rfa` function creates a new RFA file with a malicious element. The `out_of_bound_values` are designed to trigger an out-of-bounds read when parsed by Autodesk Revit. This malicious RFA file is then saved and can be used to exploit the vulnerability.