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CVE-2025-51628: Insecure Direct Object Reference Vulnerability in Agenzia Impresa Eccobook PdfHandler Component

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Overview

A critical vulnerability designated as CVE-2025-51628 has been identified in Agenzia Impresa Eccobook v2.81.1 and below. The vulnerability lies within the PdfHandler component, and is classified as an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) type, which can allow unauthenticated attackers to access confidential documents. This poses a significant risk to data security and confidentiality for users of the affected versions of the software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-51628
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Confidentiality breach through unauthorized access to sensitive documents

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Agenzia Impresa Eccobook | v2.81.1 and below

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability in question is an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability. This occurs when an application exposes a reference to an internal implementation object, such as a file or database key. In the case of CVE-2025-51628, the ‘DocumentoId’ parameter in the PdfHandler component is improperly validated, allowing attackers to manipulate references and gain unauthorized access to confidential documents.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a hypothetical example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. The attacker sends a malicious HTTP request, manipulating the ‘DocumentoId’ parameter to access confidential documents:

GET /PdfHandler?DocumentoId=123456 HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, ‘123456’ represents the ID of the document the attacker wants to access. The server would then send the requested document without validating the user’s access rights, leading to a confidentiality breach.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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