Overview
In this blog post, we will be diving deep into the details of a high severity security vulnerability (CVE-2025-52039) identified in Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5. This vulnerability, which lies in the get_material_requests_based_on_supplier() function, creates a potential for SQL Injection attacks. ERPNext is a popular open-source Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software used by many organizations to manage their businesses. This vulnerability has the potential to affect a wide range of businesses across various sectors and could lead to system compromise or data leakage if left unaddressed.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-52039
Severity: High, CVSS score 8.2
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
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Product | Affected Versions
Frappe ERPNext | 15.57.5
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability resides in the get_material_requests_based_on_supplier() function in the material_request.py file. This function is susceptible to SQL Injection attacks due to inadequate sanitization of the ‘txt’ parameter. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious SQL queries into the ‘txt’ parameter. These queries can then be executed directly on the database, potentially allowing the attacker to view, modify, or delete data.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This HTTP request contains a malicious SQL query in the ‘txt’ parameter.
POST /api/method/erpnext.stock.doctype.material_request.material_request.get_material_requests_based_on_supplier HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "txt": "' OR '1'='1'; DROP TABLE users; --" }This payload would cause the application to execute the SQL query, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data or even deletion of critical data (in this case, the ‘users’ table).
Mitigation
The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is by applying the patch provided by the vendor. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary protection by detecting and blocking SQL Injection attacks. It is also recommended to use prepared statements or parameterized queries to prevent SQL Injection in the long term.
