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CVE-2025-9523: Critical Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda AC1206

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Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is once again under threat following the detection of a severe vulnerability termed as CVE-2025-9523. This critical security flaw is present within the Tenda AC1206 15.03.06.23, a popular networking device used worldwide. Given the severity of the vulnerability, immediate attention is required from all organizations and individuals using the affected product to avoid potential system compromise or data leakage.
This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it allows remote attackers to exploit the system without needing any privileges, making it an attractive target for cybercriminals aiming to exploit unprotected systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9523
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC1206 | 15.03.06.23

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability occurs within the ‘GetParentControlInfo’ function of the file ‘/goform/GetParentControlInfo. The flaw lies in the improper handling of the ‘mac’ argument, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. By manipulating this argument, remote attackers can cause the system to write data beyond its buffer boundaries, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution, denial of service, or unauthorized information disclosure.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual illustration of how the vulnerability might be exploited. An attacker could potentially send a malicious HTTP request like the following:

POST /goform/GetParentControlInfo HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "mac": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...." } // A long string that exceeds buffer capacity

In this example, the ‘mac’ argument is filled with an excessively long string which exceeds the buffer’s capacity, triggering a buffer overflow and potentially allowing malicious code execution.

Mitigation

For all users and organizations that have deployed the Tenda AC1206 product with the affected version, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible to mitigate this vulnerability. In the absence of a vendor patch, adopting Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) may serve as temporary mitigation. However, these should not be considered as long-term solutions as they may not fully protect the systems from the vulnerability.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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