Overview
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures system (CVE) has recently disclosed a critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-6150) affecting TOTOLINK X15 version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105 routers. This vulnerability is particularly alarming because of the potential for a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code, leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Given the widespread use of TOTOLINK routers in both domestic and commercial settings, this vulnerability could have far-reaching implications. If unpatched, it could potentially allow malicious actors to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, disrupt network services, or even take full control of the compromised system.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-6150
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential for data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK X15 | 1.0.0-B20230714.1105
How the Exploit Works
The critical vulnerability resides in an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formMultiAP of the HTTP POST Request Handler component in TOTOLINK X15. By manipulating the ‘submit-url’ argument in a HTTP POST request, an attacker can cause a buffer overflow condition.
A buffer overflow is a type of software vulnerability that exists when a region of a computer’s memory is filled with data beyond its capacity. In this particular vulnerability, the overflow of data can result in overwrite of adjacent memory locations, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or system instability.
Conceptual Example Code
This is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited in a HTTP POST request:
POST /boafrm/formMultiAP HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...[long string of 'A's to cause overflow]In this example, the ‘submit-url’ parameter is filled with a long string of ‘A’s to trigger the buffer overflow condition. This string could potentially be replaced with malicious code, enabling an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the affected system.
It’s important to note that this is a conceptual example and actual exploitation would likely require more complex manipulation of the ‘submit-url’ parameter.