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CVE-2025-58157: Denial of Service Vulnerability in gnark Framework

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Overview

A high-risk vulnerability has been discovered in the gnark framework, a widely used system for zero-knowledge proof. The vulnerability, dubbed CVE-2025-58157, could potentially lead to a denial of service, compromising systems or leading to data leakage. Given the ubiquitous use of the gnark framework, this vulnerability could potentially affect a large number of systems worldwide.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-58157
Severity: High – CVSS Score 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

gnark | 0.12.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the fake-GLV algorithm used for computing scalar multiplication within the gnark framework. This algorithm fails to converge quickly enough for some inputs, potentially leading to a denial of service. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending specific types of inputs that cause the algorithm to stall, leading to a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

While the specific details of the exploit are proprietary, a conceptual example might look something like this:

$ gnark compute --input malicious_input.txt

In the above example, `malicious_input.txt` contains specially crafted data that triggers the vulnerability in the fake-GLV algorithm, causing a denial of service.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch (version 0.13.0) as soon as possible to mitigate this vulnerability. In the interim, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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