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CVE-2025-58057: High Severity Denial of Service Vulnerability in Netty Framework

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Overview

This report covers a critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-58057, that affects the Netty framework. The Netty framework is widely used for the development of high performance protocol servers and clients. The vulnerability, present in specific versions of the framework, can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack, potentially compromising systems or leading to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-58057
Severity: High, CVSS score 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

netty-codec-compression | versions 4.1.124.Final and below
netty-codec | versions 4.2.4.Final and below

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the BrotliDecoder and certain other decompression decoders. When these decoders are supplied with specially crafted input, they allocate a large number of reachable byte buffers, leading to excessive resource consumption. This can quickly lead to an Out Of Memory (OOM) error, resulting in denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. An attacker could send a series of requests with specially crafted payloads that could trigger the memory leak.

POST /netty/decoder HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/brotli
{ "malicious_payload": "specially_crafted_input" }

This payload would be designed to trigger the bug in BrotliDecoder, causing it to consume excessive memory resources, potentially leading to a denial of service.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply vendor patches immediately. The issue is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final of netty-codec and 4.2.5.Final of netty-codec-compression. As a temporary mitigation, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to block malicious payloads can help prevent exploitation.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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