Overview
A critical vulnerability has been discovered in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105 that could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability is located in an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formDMZ of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. It has been classified as critical due to its potential impact and ease of exploitation. The manipulation of the argument ‘submit-url’ can trigger a buffer overflow, and it is possible to launch the attack remotely. This vulnerability is especially concerning as the exploit has been made public and could be used by malicious actors to compromise systems.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-5786
Severity: Critical, CVSS score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK X15 | 1.0.0-B20230714.1105
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by manipulating the ‘submit-url’ argument in an HTTP POST request. This causes a buffer overflow in an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formDMZ of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. Buffer overflows can allow an attacker to write arbitrary data to the system, which could lead to a system compromise or data leakage. The fact that the exploit can be initiated remotely adds to its severity.
Conceptual Example Code
Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP POST request, where ‘malicious_payload’ represents an overly long string designed to trigger the buffer overflow:
POST /boafrm/formDMZ HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=malicious_payloadThis is a conceptual example and may not represent a working exploit. However, it’s intended to demonstrate the potential vulnerability and how it might be exploited.
Mitigation Guidance
Currently, the recommended mitigation is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. If the patch is not available or cannot be applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are only temporary solutions and do not address the underlying vulnerability. Thus, applying the vendor patch as soon as possible remains the recommended course of action.