Overview
CVE-2025-52930 is a severe vulnerability that exists in the BMPv3 RLE Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8. This vulnerability could potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage, posing a significant risk to any system or application that uses this library. The gravity of this vulnerability is heightened due to the fact that an attacker can trigger it remotely, simply by convincing the library to read a maliciously crafted .bmp file. Therefore, it is essential for all users and developers of the SAIL Image Decoding Library to understand the nature of this vulnerability and take immediate steps to mitigate its potential impact.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-52930
Severity: High Risk, CVSS score 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote code execution
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
SAIL Image Decoding Library | v0.9.8
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the BMPv3 RLE Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library. When decompressing the image data from a specially crafted .bmp file, a heap-based buffer overflow can occur. This buffer overflow can then be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the targeted system. The attacker needs to craft a .bmp file in such a way that it triggers the vulnerability when the library reads the file.
Conceptual Example Code
Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:
# Pseudocode
def create_malicious_bmp():
# Create a buffer overflow in the .bmp file
bmp_data = create_buffer_overflow()
# Save the malicious payload in the .bmp file
bmp_file = save_to_file(bmp_data, 'malicious.bmp')
return bmp_file
def exploit_vulnerability(target_system, bmp_file):
# Use the SAIL Image Decoding Library to read the .bmp file
target_system.read_file_with_sail(bmp_file)
# The buffer overflow triggers, executing the malicious codeThis pseudocode illustrates how an attacker can create a malicious .bmp file that, when read by the SAIL Image Decoding Library, triggers a buffer overflow and executes arbitrary code.
Mitigation
The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. If a patch is not readily available, a temporary mitigation solution would be to make use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can monitor and filter out the malicious .bmp files and prevent the SAIL Image Decoding Library from reading them, thus blocking the attack vector.
