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CVE-2025-52434: Race Condition Vulnerability in Apache Tomcat

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Overview

This report examines the critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-52434, found in Apache Tomcat. It notably affects versions from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106. This vulnerability exploits a race condition that can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. Understanding the issue is crucial for system administrators and developers who use Apache Tomcat as it can significantly impact the system’s overall security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52434
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Apache Tomcat | 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.106

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a race condition in Apache Tomcat when using the APR/Native connector. This issue is particularly noticeable with client-initiated closes of HTTP/2 connections. An attacker can send specially crafted requests to create a race condition, potentially leading to unauthorized system access or data exposure.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/2.0
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "Exploit race condition in HTTP/2 connection" }

Mitigation Guidance

The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to upgrade to Apache Tomcat version 9.0.107, which contains a fix for this issue. As a temporary mitigation, you can apply a vendor patch, or use an intrusion detection system (IDS) or a web application firewall (WAF). However, these are temporary solutions and the system should be updated as soon as possible.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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