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CVE-2025-49492: Critical Buffer Underrun Vulnerability in ASR180x lte-telephony

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Overview

This report details a significant out-of-bounds write vulnerability within the ASR180x implementation in lte-telephony, identified as CVE-2025-49492. It affects various Linux-based operating systems, including Falcon_Linux, Kestrel, and Lapwing_Linux versions prior to v1536. If exploited, this vulnerability could lead to a buffer underrun, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49492
Severity: High – CVSS 7.4
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Falcon_Linux | Before v1536
Kestrel | Before v1536
Lapwing_Linux | Before v1536

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the ASR180x component in lte-telephony, wherein an out-of-bounds write is possible. This can trigger a buffer underrun during the execution of certain program files, specifically apps/atcmd_server/src/dev_api.C. An attacker could exploit this flaw by sending specially crafted data packets, which could lead to memory corruption, system instability, or even complete system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual representation of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /atcmd_server/src/dev_api.C HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
{ "buffer_contents": "OVERFLOWING_DATA_PACKET" }

This represents an oversized data packet sent to the vulnerable endpoint, which could trigger the buffer underrun.

Mitigation

Users are advised to update their affected systems to v1536 or later. In scenarios where immediate patching is not possible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by detecting and blocking malicious traffic.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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