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CVE-2025-40798: Out-of-Bounds Read Vulnerability in SIMATIC PCS neo User Management Component

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Overview

CVE-2025-40798 is a high-risk vulnerability discovered in the User Management Component (UMC) of the SIMATIC PCS neo, versions V4.1 and V5.0. This vulnerability is significant due to its potential to allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) condition, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-40798
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

SIMATIC PCS neo V4.1 | All versions
SIMATIC PCS neo V5.0 | All versions
User Management Component (UMC) | All versions < V2.15.1.3 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is the result of an out-of-bounds read error in the UMC component of SIMATIC PCS neo. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted network packets to the affected system. If successfully exploited, this vulnerability could cause a denial of service condition, disrupting the affected system’s operations and potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of a malicious network packet that might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /UMC/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "exploit_payload": "Out-of-bounds read data" }

Please note that this is a hypothetical example and the actual exploit code could be different depending on the attacker’s approach and the specific configurations of the targeted system.

Mitigation Guidance

Affected users are advised to apply the latest patches from the vendor as soon as possible. If patching is not immediately possible, using Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) could serve as temporary mitigation, although this is not a long-term solution and patching the system is strongly recommended.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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