Overview
The cybersecurity landscape is a field riddled with vulnerabilities, and the latest to be discovered is CVE-2025-40758, a critical vulnerability within Mendix SAML. This vulnerability affects multiple versions of Mendix SAML, including Mendix 10.12, 10.21, and 9.24 compatible versions. If exploited, this vulnerability could allow unauthenticated remote attackers to hijack accounts in specific SSO configurations, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage. Considering the widespread use of Mendix SAML, this vulnerability has serious implications that necessitate immediate attention.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-40758
Severity: Critical (8.7 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Mendix SAML (Mendix 10.12 compatible) | All versions < V4.0.3 Mendix SAML (Mendix 10.21 compatible) | All versions < V4.1.2 Mendix SAML (Mendix 9.24 compatible) | All versions < V3.6.21 How the Exploit Works
In the identified versions of Mendix SAML, signature validation and binding checks are insufficiently enforced. This lack of enforcement creates a loophole that can be exploited by unauthenticated remote attackers. By manipulating SSO configurations, these attackers can bypass authentication processes and hijack user accounts. As a result, attackers can gain unauthorized access to systems, potentially compromising the system or causing data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
A conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited could look something like this:
POST /saml/SSO/alias/{alias} HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<soapenv:Body>
<samlp:Response xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol" ID="identifier_1" InResponseTo="identifier_2" Version="2.0">
<samlp:Status>
<samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>
</samlp:Status>
<!-- Insert malicious payload here -->
</samlp:Response>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>In this example, the attacker sends a malicious SOAP request to the SSO endpoint, containing a forged SAML response. The insufficient enforcement of signature validation and binding checks might make the system accept this forged response, leading to an account hijack.
Mitigation Guidance
To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply vendor patches as soon as they become available. For Mendix SAML versions listed above, users should upgrade to versions V4.0.3, V4.1.2, and V3.6.21 respectively. Until the patch is applied, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure.