Ameeba Security Research

Defensive CVE and exploit intelligence

Ameeba Blog Search
TRENDING · 1 WEEK
Attack Vector
Vendor
Severity

CVE-2025-28137: Critical Pre-Auth Remote Command Execution Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A810R

Views: 424

Overview

CVE-2025-28137 is a critical vulnerability discovered in the TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026, a popular wireless router model. The device was found to contain a pre-authentication remote command execution vulnerability in the setNoticeCfg function through the NoticeUrl parameter. The implications of this vulnerability are severe as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on a vulnerable device without requiring any form of authentication. This vulnerability has been rated as critical due to its high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-28137
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Ameeba Chat Icon Share secrets securely

Ameeba is private infrastructure for communication and sensitive work built on encrypted identity instead of exposed corporate identity systems.

Passwords, credentials, confidential files, screenshots, internal discussions, sensitive AI context, and private coordination should not become exposed across ordinary communication platforms.

  • • Encrypted identity
  • • Private Spaces for organizations and teams
  • • End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, files, and notes
  • • Sensitive AI work and protected collaboration
  • • Built for information that cannot leak

Our mission is to secure human work alongside AI.

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A810R | V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability resides in the setNoticeCfg function of the TOTOLINK A810R firmware, specifically within the NoticeUrl parameter. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request containing malicious commands to this function. The router firmware fails to adequately sanitize the input to this function, which allows the attacker’s commands to be executed with root privileges on the device.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simple HTTP request where the attacker injects malicious commands into the NoticeUrl parameter.

POST /setNoticeCfg HTTP/1.1
Host: <Router_IP_Address>
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
NoticeUrl=; <malicious_command>;

In this example, replace “ with the IP address of the vulnerable router and “ with the command you wish to execute on the device. The semicolon (`;`) is used to separate the legitimate NoticeUrl value from the malicious command.

Mitigation

The best mitigation strategy for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. It is also highly recommended to implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation until the patch can be applied. Regularly update and patch your systems to avoid falling victim to such vulnerabilities.

Want to discuss this further? Join the Ameeba Cybersecurity Group Chat.

Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

More posts

Ameeba Chat