Overview
The NVIDIA Triton Inference Server, a popular machine learning inference server for both Windows and Linux platforms, has been identified with a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-23318. The vulnerability lies within the Python backend, where an adversary can trigger an out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability has far-reaching implications, affecting both small scale and enterprise users of the Triton Inference Server. The successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to severe consequences including potential system compromise, data leakage, denial of service, and code execution.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-23318
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Code execution, Denial of Service (DoS), Data tampering, and Information disclosure
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows | All versions prior to the patch
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Linux | All versions prior to the patch
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by taking advantage of an unchecked boundary in the Python backend of the NVIDIA Triton Inference Server. An attacker can send a specially crafted payload which, when processed by the server, leads to an out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability allows an attacker to overwrite critical memory regions, potentially leading to code execution or causing the service to crash, resulting in a denial of service. Furthermore, the attacker may manipulate data or disclose sensitive information.
Conceptual Example Code
Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious payload:
POST /api/v1/models HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"model_name": "example_model",
"framework": "pytorch",
"model_input": {
"shape": [1, 3, 224, 224],
"datatype": "FP32"
},
"model_output": {
"shape": [1000],
"datatype": "FP32"
},
"backend": "python",
"python_code": "def execute(inputs, outputs): out_of_bounds_write(inputs, outputs)"
}In this example, the attacker is sending a request to add a new model with a malicious Python function `out_of_bounds_write()`. This function is designed to perform an out-of-bounds write, leading to the exploitation of the vulnerability.