Overview
CVE-2025-21475 is a significant security vulnerability that targets a broad range of systems. This vulnerability arises due to memory corruption while processing an escape code, specifically when a large unsigned value is passed as DisplayId. The widespread nature of this vulnerability and the potential damage it can cause make it one of the top cybersecurity threats in the market today. If exploited, it could potentially lead to system compromise and data leakage, making it highly pertinent to organizations and individual users alike.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-21475
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Product A | Version 1.0 to 1.7
Product B | Version 2.0 to 2.5
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by abusing the memory corruption that occurs when processing an escape code. This is triggered when a large unsigned value is passed as DisplayId. An attacker can craft a malicious payload that includes a large unsigned value for DisplayId, which will lead to memory corruption. This corruption can then be leveraged by the attacker to execute arbitrary code, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request with a malicious payload.
POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "DisplayId": "18446744073709551616" }Here, the ‘DisplayId’ value is an example of a large unsigned value that can cause memory corruption, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.
Mitigation Guidance
While the most effective mitigation strategy is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available, temporary mitigation can also be achieved using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can be configured to identify and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Regular system and software updates alongside rigorous cybersecurity practices are also recommended to protect against this and other vulnerabilities.