Overview
CVE-2025-0084 is a serious cybersecurity vulnerability that affects users and devices that have Bluetooth with Hands-Free Profile (HFP) support enabled. Its severity derives from the potential for remote code execution, which could lead to system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability is particularly alarming due to the fact that it doesn’t require any user interaction for exploitation, making it a stealthy and formidable threat to cybersecurity.
This vulnerability is of paramount importance to the cybersecurity community due to its high-severity score of 8.8, as well as its wide range of potential victims. Any device enabling Bluetooth with HFP support is at risk, making this a pervasive issue that could affect countless users worldwide.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-0084
Severity: High (8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Bluetooth HFP | All versions prior to patch
How the Exploit Works
The CVE-2025-0084 exploit takes advantage of an out-of-bounds write due to a use-after-free vulnerability in multiple locations in the affected software. An attacker can send a specially crafted payload to the vulnerable device over Bluetooth. When this payload is processed by the device, it triggers the use-after-free vulnerability, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the device without any additional privileges. This can result in a full system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
The following pseudocode provides a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability.
import bluetooth
target_device = "00:00:00:00:00:00" # Target device's Bluetooth address
malicious_payload = b"\x00...\x00" # Specially crafted payload causing out-of-bounds write
sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.RFCOMM)
sock.connect((target_device, 1)) # Connect to target device
sock.send(malicious_payload) # Send the malicious payload
sock.close()This pseudocode demonstrates the simplicity of an attack exploiting this vulnerability: it involves connecting to the target device over Bluetooth and sending the malicious payload.
Mitigation Guidance
It is crucial to immediately apply the relevant vendor-issued patches to mitigate this vulnerability. If patches are not yet available or if patching is not immediately feasible, temporary mitigation can be achieved by using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, this should be considered a stopgap measure, as the only surefire way to prevent this exploit is to apply the vendor’s patch. Additionally, disabling Bluetooth HFP support when not in use can further reduce the risk of exploitation.
