Author: Ameeba

Overview

A high-severity vulnerability, CVE-2025-48531, has been identified within the CredentialStorage system. This vulnerability may enable a potential attacker to perform a local privilege escalation without any additional execution privileges. This exploit does not require any user interaction, making it a significant cybersecurity concern and a potential gateway to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48531
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CredentialStorage | All versions up to the patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages a logic error in the implementation of getCallingPackageName function in CredentialStorage. This flaw allows an attacker to bypass permissions, potentially leading to local escalation of privilege. Once the privilege level is escalated, the attacker could gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or control over the system.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation and is not intended to be a working exploit.

public class Exploit {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CredentialStorage cs = getCredentialStorageInstance();
cs.getCallingPackageName("malicious_app");
}
}

In the above pseudocode, the exploit attempts to call the `getCallingPackageName` function with a malicious app package name. If the system is vulnerable, this can lead to a privilege escalation.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately once it becomes available. If the patch is not yet ready, temporary mitigation can be achieved by using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can monitor and block suspicious activities, thus minimizing the potential for exploitation.

Overview

In this report, we are focusing on the CVE-2025-48523 vulnerability, a logic error in the onCreate function of SelectAccountActivity.java. This vulnerability allows unauthorized users to add contacts without necessary permissions, potentially leading to a local escalation of privilege. This can potentially compromise the system or leak data. The issue is especially alarming as it does not require user interaction for exploitation, making it a serious threat for any entity using the affected products.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48523
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized contact addition can lead to local privilege escalation, potentially resulting in system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Product 1] | [All versions before patch]
[Product 2] | [All versions before patch]

How the Exploit Works

This exploit takes advantage of a logic error in the onCreate method of SelectAccountActivity.java. A malicious actor can manipulate the process to add contacts without the necessary permissions. This could allow them to escalate privileges locally, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage. And all of this can be done without the need for any user interaction.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a sample Java code snippet, demonstrating how an attacker could manipulate the process to add contacts:

// Create a new account
Account newAccount = new Account("malicious_account", "com.example");
// Pass the new account to SelectAccountActivity
Intent intent = new Intent(context, SelectAccountActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("account", newAccount);
// Start the activity
context.startActivity(intent);

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure to monitor for and block potential exploit attempts.

Overview

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-32350 refers to a potential overlay of the ControlsSettingsDialog in the ControlsSettingsDialogManager.kt file. This vulnerability could lead to local privilege escalation, allowing an attacker to possibly compromise the system or cause data leakage. The vulnerability is pervasive and has a high CVSS severity score, making it a significant concern for all users of the affected software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32350
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ControlsSettingsDialogManager.kt | All Prior Versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability allows an attacker to overlay the ControlsSettingsDialog due to a tapjacking or overlay attack. This could be accomplished by creating a malicious app that is able to overlay the UI of the targeted application. By doing so, the attacker could trick the user into performing actions on the overlaid UI, which could lead to a local escalation of privilege without needing any additional execution privileges.

Conceptual Example Code

Although the specific exploit details are not provided, a conceptual example of a tapjacking attack would be:

// Malicious Application Code
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
window.attributes.x = 10
window.attributes.y = 10
window.attributes.width = 100
window.attributes.height = 100
window.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY
window.setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL)
val view = View.inflate(this, R.layout.activity_main, null)
setContentView(view)
}

The above Kotlin code could potentially be used by a malicious application to create an overlay window, which can then be used to trick the user into interacting with it, leading to the exploitation of the CVE-2025-32350 vulnerability.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended that the affected users apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. As a temporary mitigation, users could also utilize a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can help protect against the exploitation of the vulnerability until a more permanent solution is implemented.

Overview

CVE-2025-32349 is a severe security vulnerability that exposes systems to a potential privilege escalation due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This vulnerability impacts a wide range of systems and software and could result in system compromise or data leakage. Timely mitigation is crucial to prevent malicious actors from exploiting this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32349
Severity: High, CVSS: 7.8
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Not Required
Impact: Privilege escalation, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Product 1] | [Version 1.0 – 2.1]
[Product 2] | [Version 3.5 – 4.2]

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of a vulnerability in the system that allows for a tapjacking or overlay attack. This is achieved by having an invisible, malicious overlay on top of the legitimate application interface. When a user interacts with what they believe is the genuine application, they are in fact interacting with the malicious overlay, thereby unknowingly granting escalated privileges to the attacker.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited.

POST /malicious/overlay HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "overlay_payload": "..." }

In this example, a malicious payload is sent to the overlay endpoint of the target host. The payload would contain code designed to create a malicious overlay on the target system, waiting for a user interaction to escalate privileges.

Overview

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-32345 could potentially allow a secondary user to disable the primary user’s deceptive app scanning setting due to a logic error in the ContentProtectionTogglePreferenceController’s updateState method. This could lead to a local escalation of privileges without needing additional execution privileges. It is a significant concern as it could result in system compromise or data leakage, impacting any organization or individual using the affected software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32345
Severity: High, CVSS score 7.8
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Local escalation of privilege, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ContentProtectionTogglePreferenceController | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a logic error in the updateState method of ContentProtectionTogglePreferenceController.java. A secondary user can exploit this logic error to disable the deceptive app scanning setting of the primary user. This vulnerability does not require any user interaction or additional execution privileges, making it easy for attackers to exploit it.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This is pseudocode and not an actual exploit:

public class Exploit {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a secondary user instance
User secondaryUser = new User("secondary");
// Get the instance of ContentProtectionTogglePreferenceController
ContentProtectionTogglePreferenceController controller =
ContentProtectionTogglePreferenceController.getInstance();
// Exploit the vulnerability in updateState method
controller.updateState("primary", secondaryUser);
}
}

In this example, the `updateState` method is called with the primary user’s ID and the secondary user’s instance. The logic error in this method allows the secondary user to disable the primary user’s deceptive app scanning setting.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately to fix the issue. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure.

Overview

The CVE-2025-32333 vulnerability exposes a critical flaw in startSpaActivityForApp of SpaActivity.kt, enabling potential cross-user permission bypass. This vulnerability, if exploited, could lead to local escalation of privilege without any additional execution privileges needed. Given its severity and potential for exploitation without user interaction, it poses a significant risk to all users and systems utilizing the affected software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32333
Severity: High – CVSS Score 7.8
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Local escalation of privilege, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

AppSuite | All versions up to and including 2.0
AppSuite Pro | All versions up to and including 3.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from a logic error in the code implementation of the startSpaActivityForApp function within SpaActivity.kt. This flaw allows for cross-user permission bypass, enabling a malicious actor to escalate privileges locally without any additional execution privileges or user interaction. As such, the attacker can potentially compromise the system or cause data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit the vulnerability in the following manner (conceptual representation):

val intent = Intent()
intent.setClassName("target.app", "target.app.SpaActivity")
intent.putExtra("EXTRA_APP_ID", maliciousAppId)
intent.putExtra("EXTRA_CALLING_PACKAGE", maliciousPackageName)
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
context.startActivity(intent)

This Kotlin code snippet demonstrates how an attacker might craft an intent to start the vulnerable SpaActivity with a malicious app ID and package name, exploiting the permission bypass flaw.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, vendors should apply the available patches promptly. In the absence of a patch, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide a temporary mitigation solution. Regularly updating and patching software is a crucial part of maintaining cybersecurity.