Author: Ameeba

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently exposed a new vulnerability, CVE-2025-52351, which poses a serious threat to users of the Aikaan IoT management platform. This vulnerability involves the practice of sending newly generated passwords to users in plaintext via email, and also including the same password as a query parameter in the account activation URL. As a result, the password can be exposed via browser history, proxy logs, referrer headers, and email caching. This vulnerability particularly affects user credential confidentiality during the initial onboarding process, and it is crucial for users to be aware of this risk and take appropriate measures to mitigate it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52351
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Aikaan IoT Management Platform | v3.25.0325-5-g2e9c59796

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the Aikaan IoT management platform’s password handling during the onboarding process. When a new user account is created, the platform generates a new password for the user and sends it to the user in plaintext via email. The same password is also included as a query parameter in the account activation URL. This means that the password is stored in the browser history, is visible in proxy logs, can be seen in referrer headers, and is cached in email servers. An attacker who has access to any of these resources can easily retrieve the password and compromise the user’s account.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of the account activation URL that is sent to users:

GET /activate?username=johndoe&password=123456 HTTP/1.1
Host: aikaan-domain.com

In this example, the password “123456” is visible in the URL. Any system or person that has access to this URL can see the password in plaintext. This is the core of the vulnerability – the exposure of the password in a location where it can be easily intercepted or retrieved by an attacker.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a significant vulnerability in WeGIA, a widely used web manager platform for charitable institutions. Tagged as CVE-2025-57761, the issue lies in the potential for SQL Injection attacks in versions of the software prior to the 3.4.10 update. This vulnerability matters because it can lead to a full compromise of the system’s database, leading to potential data leaks and unauthorized access to sensitive data, impacting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-57761
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WeGIA | Prior to 3.4.10

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is due to inadequate input validation on the /html/funcionario/dependente_remover.php endpoint, specifically the id_funcionario parameter. This allows attackers to manipulate the SQL queries that are executed by the application, enabling them to execute arbitrary SQL commands. As a result, an attacker can potentially access, modify, or even delete data in the database, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited, using a HTTP request with a malicious SQL payload:

POST /html/funcionario/dependente_remover.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "id_funcionario": "1; DROP TABLE users;" }

In this example, the id_funcionario parameter is manipulated to include a SQL command (‘DROP TABLE users;’) that would delete the ‘users’ table from the database. This is a simple demonstration and actual attacks can be much more complex and damaging.

Recommended Mitigation

To protect your systems against this vulnerability, apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. Upgrade your WeGIA to version 3.4.10 or later, where this vulnerability is fixed. If immediate patching is not feasible, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block SQL Injection attacks as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these measures are not foolproof and upgrading to a patched version of the software is the most reliable way to secure your system against this vulnerability.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a significant flaw in the UnoPim open-source Product Information Management (PIM) system. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-55743, can potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage, impacting any organization that uses versions of UnoPim prior to 0.2.1. This vulnerability is of particular importance due to the broad use of UnoPim and the severity of its potential impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55743
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

UnoPim | Before 0.2.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from UnoPim’s image upload feature at the user creation stage. The system only performs client-side file type validation. This allows an attacker to upload an image, capture the request through a Proxy like Burp suite, and make changes to the file extension and content. With this exploit, an attacker can potentially compromise the system or leak data.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a manipulated HTTP request:

POST /user/create HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: image/jpeg
{ "image_file": "malicious_payload.jpg" }

In the above example, an attacker could replace “malicious_payload.jpg” with a file containing malicious code. The UnoPim system would accept this as a valid image file due to the client-side validation, and the malicious code could then execute within the system leading to potential compromise.

Mitigation

Users are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch and upgrade to version 0.2.1 or later. In the interim, users can also employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these should be considered as short-term solutions, and updating the software should be a priority to prevent potential exploitation of the vulnerability.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a critical cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-55420, that seriously threatens the security of websites running FoxCMS v1.2.6. This blog post delves into the specifics of this vulnerability, its potential impact, and what measures can be taken to mitigate it. Being a reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability, it exposes users and networks to potential system compromise and data leakage, emphasizing the importance of immediate remedial action.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55420
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

FoxCMS | v1.2.6

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the /index.php of FoxCMS v1.2.6. A crafted script sent via a GET request to this index page is reflected unsanitized into the HTML response. This means that the arbitrary JavaScript code embedded in the GET request is executed when a logged-in user submits the malicious input. Essentially, this vulnerability allows an attacker to inject malicious scripts into otherwise benign and trusted websites.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. An attacker sends a malicious script embedded in a GET request to the /index.php page:

GET /index.php?payload=<script>malicious_code_here</script> HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com

When a logged-in user loads the affected page, the malicious script is executed in their browser. This could lead to various outcomes, such as stealing session cookies, performing actions on behalf of the user, or even delivering a payload for further exploitation.

Mitigation and Prevention

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is highly recommended that users apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. As a temporary measure, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to identify and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Regularly updating and patching software, as well as implementing robust security measures such as WAF and IDS, can go a long way in preventing such vulnerabilities from being exploited.

Overview

A critical security vulnerability has been identified in the TOTOLINK A720R 4.1.5cu.630_B20250509 router. This vulnerability, indexed as CVE-2025-9303, can potentially allow an attacker to remotely exploit the system, leading to a potential system compromise or data leakage. Given the ubiquity of TOTOLINK routers in home and small business environments, the impact of this vulnerability is widespread and poses a significant risk to information security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9303
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A720R Router | 4.1.5cu.630_B20250509

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability stems from a flaw in the function setParentalRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. By manipulating the argument ‘desc’, an attacker can cause a buffer overflow condition. This buffer overflow can allow the execution of arbitrary code, meaning an attacker could potentially gain unauthorized access to the system and data stored on the device.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability in a HTTP request by sending a large amount of data as the ‘desc’ parameter:

POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: target_router_ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
setParentalRules&desc=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In this example, the ‘desc’ parameter is filled with a large number of ‘A’ characters, causing a buffer overflow. The overflow data could contain malicious code that the router inadvertently executes.

Recommendations for Mitigation

Users are strongly urged to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. Until the patch can be applied, users may use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, they are not a long-term solution and patching the device should be the priority.

Overview

This post aims to unveil and discuss the details surrounding a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-55370. This security flaw resides in jshERP v3.5, a popular enterprise resource planning software. Specifically, it affects the component controllerResourceController.java and exposes sensitive data by allowing unauthorized attackers to manipulate the ID values.
Given the widespread use of jshERP in various industries, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. If exploited, it can lead to system compromise or data leakage, which can have catastrophic implications for affected organizations, especially those handling sensitive or proprietary information.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55370
Severity: High, CVSS Score: 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

jshERP | v3.5

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the incorrect access control mechanism implemented in the controllerResourceController.java component of jshERP v3.5. An unauthorized attacker can manipulate the ID value, which in turn can provide them with all corresponding ID data. This data can then be used to exploit the system further, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a hypothetical example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a simple HTTP request:

GET /controller/ResourceController.java?id=123456 HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, an attacker modifies the ID value (`id=123456`) to another value, which could potentially retrieve data associated with that ID.

Recommended Mitigation Steps

The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. If however, the patch is not immediately available or applicable, using Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. These security measures can help limit unauthorized access and monitor network traffic for signs of this exploit.

Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, the discovery of new vulnerabilities is a routine occurrence. However, when such vulnerabilities have the potential to compromise entire systems or leak sensitive data, they become a matter of paramount concern. CVE-2025-55368 is one such vulnerability, affecting jshERP v3.5, a popular enterprise resource planning software. This vulnerability allows unauthorized attackers the ability to arbitrarily modify supplier status under any account, thus presenting a significant risk to businesses relying on jshERP for their operations.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55368
Severity: High (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

jshERP | v3.5

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the incorrect access control in the component controllerRoleController.java of jshERP v3.5. This allows unauthorized attackers to modify supplier status under any account without proper authorization. The attacker could send a specifically crafted HTTP request to manipulate the supplier status. A successful attack could lead to a potential system compromise or data leakage, depending on the attacker’s intent and capability.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a
conceptual
example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simplified HTTP request illustrating the potential attack:

POST /jshERP/RoleController/modifySupplierStatus HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "supplierId": "1234", "newStatus": "Inactive" }

In this example, the attacker is attempting to modify the status of a supplier with the ID “1234” to “Inactive”. This could disrupt the victim’s business operations or allow for further exploitations based on the changed supplier status.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective method to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor. This patch rectifies the incorrect access control, preventing unauthorized modification of supplier status. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation, alerting administrators to potential attacks and possibly preventing successful exploitation. However, these measures are only temporary and do not address the root cause of the vulnerability. Therefore, applying the vendor’s patch should be prioritized as soon as possible.

Overview

This blog post focuses on the CVE-2025-9299 vulnerability discovered in Tenda M3 version 1.0.0.12. This vulnerability is of particular concern due to its potential to be exploited remotely, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This is a significant security concern as it may result in a system compromise or data leakage. The potential impact is severe, and hence it is of utmost importance that network administrators and cybersecurity professionals stay updated and take necessary protective measures.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9299
Severity: High – CVSS Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda M3 | 1.0.0.12

How the Exploit Works

The primary cause of this vulnerability is a flaw in the function formGetMasterPassengerAnalyseData of the file /goform/getMasterPassengerAnalyseData. The improper handling of the ‘Time’ argument leads to a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary code or potentially gain unauthorized access to the system. Since this exploit can be initiated remotely, it elevates the risk and potential impact of the vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example uses an HTTP POST request to the vulnerable endpoint with a malicious payload designed to trigger the buffer overflow:

POST /goform/getMasterPassengerAnalyseData HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "Time": "[Insert malicious payload here causing buffer overflow]" }

Mitigation and Prevention

The best way to protect your systems from this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If this patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These tools can help detect and block malicious attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Additionally, regular patch management and system audits are recommended to ensure the continued security of your systems.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a significant security flaw, designated as CVE-2025-9298, affecting Tenda M3 1.0.0.12. This flaw pertains to a buffer overflow vulnerability within the function formQuickIndex of the file /goform/QuickIndex, specifically involving the manipulation of the argument PPPOEPassword. This vulnerability is crucial as it can be exploited remotely, posing a significant threat to data confidentiality and system integrity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9298
Severity: High (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda M3 | 1.0.0.12

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from inadequate boundary checks within the formQuickIndex function of the file /goform/QuickIndex in Tenda M3 1.0.0.12. By manipulating the PPPOEPassword argument, an attacker can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow. This can potentially allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the process, leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a
conceptual
example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a malicious HTTP request sent to the vulnerable endpoint, exploiting the buffer overflow vulnerability.

POST /goform/QuickIndex HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
PPPOEPassword=<buffer overflow inducing string>

In this example, “ represents a string of characters that is longer than the application expects, causing the buffer overflow.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch when it becomes available. In the meantime, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary protection. These systems can detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, thereby limiting potential damage.

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been identified in Tenda i22 1.0.0.3(4687), a widely used router. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-9297, affects the formWeixinAuthInfoGet function of the /goform/wxportalauth file. This flaw allows potential attackers to manipulate the ‘Type’ argument, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This can be exploited remotely and may result in a system compromise or data leakage, posing a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of user data and systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-9297
Severity: Critical, CVSS 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda i22 | 1.0.0.3(4687)

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from improper input validation in the formWeixinAuthInfoGet function. When processing an argument labeled ‘Type,’ the function fails to adequately check the size of the user-supplied data. This allows an attacker to provide an excessively long string, causing the program to overwrite the stack’s memory. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected service, leading to potential unauthorized access, information disclosure, or denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a maliciously crafted HTTP request:

POST /goform/wxportalauth HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Type=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...[Long string of 'A's causing buffer overflow]

The above example demonstrates a buffer overflow attack, where the ‘Type’ parameter is supplied with a long string of ‘A’s, which exceeds the buffer’s limit, leading to the overflow.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. Until the patch can be applied, it is recommended to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Configuring these systems to look for unusually long ‘Type’ argument values can help identify and block malicious requests.