Author: Ameeba

Overview

In the world of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities are not taken lightly, and the recently discovered CVE-2025-49710 is no exception. This vulnerability, an integer overflow in the `OrderedHashTable` utilized by Firefox’s JavaScript engine, has severe implications for the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of systems running Firefox versions earlier than 139.0.4. With a CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, this vulnerability is classified as critical, indicating the potential for substantial damage if exploited. In this article, we will delve into the details of this vulnerability, exploring its nature, how it works, and the mitigation strategies available.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49710
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Firefox | < 139.0.4 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the `OrderedHashTable` used by Firefox’s JavaScript engine. When an integer overflow occurs within this table, it could potentially lead to a memory corruption. This corruption could then be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the user running the affected application.
The exploit can be triggered via a malicious JavaScript that causes the overflow, leading to the corruption. This essentially opens a doorway for the attacker to manipulate the application and impact the system’s integrity, confidentiality, and availability.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious JavaScript code:

let table = new OrderedHashTable(MAX_INT);
for(let i = 0; i <= MAX_INT; i++) {
table.add(i, {value: 'Exploit'});
}
table.add(MAX_INT+1, {value: 'Overflow triggered'});

In this example, a new `OrderedHashTable` is created with the maximum integer value. It then iterates through and adds values up to the maximum integer. When it attempts to add another value beyond the maximum integer, an overflow is triggered, leading to potential memory corruption.

Mitigation

The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. In this case, Mozilla, the developer of Firefox, has released version 139.0.4 to address this issue. Users should ensure they are using this version or later to protect their systems.
If immediate patching is not possible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary mitigation. These systems can help detect and block malicious traffic that attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, this is not a permanent solution and should be used in conjunction with patching as soon as possible.

Overview

In this blog post, we delve into a crucial cybersecurity vulnerability tagged CVE-2025-49709 that affects Firefox versions earlier than 139.0.4. This vulnerability is significant due to the potential of memory corruption through specific canvas operations. This flaw is critical as it grants an attacker the ability to compromise a system or leak data, affecting a wide range of users globally.
This vulnerability matters because if left unaddressed, it could potentially leave millions of Firefox users worldwide at risk. Especially in an era where data privacy and security are of paramount importance, understanding and mitigating such vulnerabilities is crucial to ensure the safety and integrity of user data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49709
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Firefox | < 139.0.4 How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by manipulating specific canvas operations in Firefox. An attacker, through crafted web content, can trigger a memory corruption error. This error could potentially allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code, leading to a full system compromise or leakage of sensitive user data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation and not actual exploit code:

// malicious web content
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(10, 10);
context.lineTo(200, 200);
context.stroke();
// trigger memory corruption
context.save();
context.restore();

This code creates a canvas element in the DOM, draws a line on it, and then attempts to trigger a memory corruption by saving and restoring the canvas state.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch. Firefox has launched an updated version 139.0.4 to address this vulnerability. Updating to this version will help to resolve the issue.
As a temporary mitigation, users can also employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can help detect and block potential exploit attempts. However, it’s important to note that this is a temporary solution, and the best course of action is to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible.
Remember, staying updated is one of the most effective ways to stay secure. Be proactive about your cybersecurity and ensure that you are running the most recent versions of all your software.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is in a constant state of flux, with new vulnerabilities being discovered on a regular basis. One such vulnerability that has recently been identified is CVE-2025-4954. This affects the Axle Demo Importer WordPress plugin, a widely used tool for importing demo content on WordPress websites. This vulnerability, if exploited, can allow an authenticated user to upload arbitrary files to the server, such as PHP, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.
This vulnerability matters because WordPress powers over 30% of all websites. Given the sheer number of websites using WordPress, a vulnerability in a popular plugin such as Axle Demo Importer poses a significant risk to a large number of users. With a CVSS Severity Score of 8.8, it’s a vulnerability that demands immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4954
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Author and above)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Axle Demo Importer WordPress Plugin | Versions up to and including 1.0.3

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the file upload functionality of the Axle Demo Importer WordPress plugin. Typically, file uploads should be validated to prevent the upload of potentially malicious files. However, this plugin does not validate the files being uploaded. This means that an authenticated user, with author-level privileges or above, can upload arbitrary files, including PHP files. This could allow the execution of arbitrary code and could lead to a full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a hypothetical example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a crafted HTTP POST request to the file upload endpoint of the plugin, uploading a malicious PHP file.

POST /wp-content/plugins/axle-demo-importer/upload.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary12345
------WebKitFormBoundary12345
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="uploaded_file"; filename="malicious.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
<?php
// Malicious PHP code here
?>
------WebKitFormBoundary12345--

In this example, `malicious.php` represents a PHP file containing arbitrary code. Once uploaded, this file could be accessed through a web browser and the malicious code could be executed.

Mitigation Guidance

Users affected by this vulnerability should apply the latest patch provided by the vendor. If a patch is not available, or cannot be applied immediately, users should consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation solution. These tools can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The vulnerability we are discussing today, CVE-2025-4387, has been discovered in the Abandoned Cart Pro for WooCommerce plugin. Effectively, it provides a backdoor to attackers wanting to compromise a site’s server and execute potentially harmful code. Anyone using versions up to, and including, 9.16.0 of this plugin is affected by this vulnerability.
Given the popularity of WooCommerce as an ecommerce platform, this vulnerability could potentially impact a significant number of online businesses. The severity of this issue is further heightened by the fact that even an attacker with only subscriber-level access can exploit this vulnerability, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4387
Severity: High (CVSS score of 8.8)
Attack Vector: Authenticated Arbitrary File Upload
Privileges Required: Subscriber-level Access
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Abandoned Cart Pro for WooCommerce |

How the Exploit Works

The Abandoned Cart Pro for WooCommerce plugin contains an authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability due to missing file type validation in the wcap_add_to_cart_popup_upload_files function. This means that a user with subscriber-level access or above can upload arbitrary files on the server where the plugin is installed. Once uploaded, these files could potentially be executed either remotely or locally depending on the server configuration, thus leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s an example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a POST request to the server with a crafted JSON payload containing the malicious file:

POST /upload_file HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
[...malicious PHP code...]
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--

Please note this is a simplified example and actual attack vectors could vary based on the server configuration and security measures in place.