Author: Ameeba

Overview

In the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity, a new vulnerability has been discovered that puts users of the COROS PACE 3 at risk. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-48706, could potentially allow an attacker to compromise the system or leak sensitive data. It is significantly critical due to the high CVSS Severity Score of 9.1, indicating a major potential impact on the affected device.
The vulnerability is embedded in COROS PACE 3 through 3.0808.0, making all users of these versions potential targets. The risk stems from an out-of-bounds read vulnerability, which, when exploited, forces the device to reboot. This eventuality matters because it could lead to data loss, interruptions in service, and potential system compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48706
Severity: Critical (CVSS score 9.1)
Attack Vector: Network via BLE message
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System reboot leading to potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

COROS PACE 3 | Up to 3.0808.0

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the COROS PACE 3. An attacker can send a specially crafted Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) message to the device. This message triggers the vulnerability, causing the device to access memory outside of its intended boundary, leading to a forced reboot. The reboot may disrupt the system’s operations and could potentially allow an attacker to compromise the system or leak data.

Conceptual Example Code

Although we won’t provide a specific exploit code for ethical reasons, a conceptual example would involve an attacker crafting a malicious BLE packet. This packet would include data that causes the device to read beyond its memory boundary. Below is a simplified pseudo-code representation:

# Pseudo code for a malicious BLE packet
class BLEPacket:
def __init__(self, payload):
self.payload = payload
malicious_payload = bytes([0x00]*1001)  # The device can only safely handle 1000 bytes
packet = BLEPacket(malicious_payload)
device.send(packet)

In the above pseudo-code, the attacker creates a malicious `BLEPacket` with a payload that exceeds the device’s memory boundary, causing an out-of-bounds read and forcing a system reboot.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified an alarming vulnerability, CVE-2025-32880, affecting COROS PACE 3 devices. This vulnerability exposes the devices to potential system compromise and data leakage due to the use of unencrypted communication during the firmware file download process. As a result, cyber threats such as sniffing and machine-in-the-middle attacks become a real and present danger for users of these devices. Given the increasing reliance on smart devices in our day-to-day lives, such vulnerabilities can have far-reaching consequences, impacting user privacy, data integrity, and overall system security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32880
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

COROS PACE 3 | Up to 3.0808.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the COROS PACE 3 device’s implementation of a function to connect to a WLAN. When the device is connected to a WLAN, it initiates the download of firmware files via HTTP. However, this communication is not encrypted, leaving it exposed to malicious third-party actors. These threat actors can exploit the lack of encryption to launch sniffing or machine-in-the-middle attacks, potentially intercepting, modifying, or injecting malicious payloads into the data being transmitted. This could lead to a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of the vulnerability, an attacker could potentially exploit it by sniffing the network traffic between the COROS PACE 3 device and the server. Here is a conceptual example of how this might occur using a simple packet capture tool:

tcpdump -i eth0 'port http' -v

In this example, the attacker uses tcpdump to monitor all HTTP traffic on the network interface ‘eth0’. This allows them to capture and analyze unencrypted firmware file downloads from the vulnerable device.

Overview

This blog post will discuss a critical vulnerability discovered in COROS PACE 3 devices, specifically affecting versions up to 3.0808.0. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-32878, presents a significant risk due to its potential to compromise systems and leak sensitive data. As COROS PACE 3 devices are widely used in various sectors, the impact of this vulnerability is widespread, affecting individual users, organizations, and even industries at large. The severity of this issue necessitates immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32878
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

COROS PACE 3 | Up to 3.0808.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the COROS PACE 3 devices’ firmware download function, which connects the watch to a WLAN. Before downloading firmware files, the watch requests information about the firmware via HTTPS from the back-end API. However, the X.509 server certificate within the TLS handshake is not validated by the device. This leaves room for an attacker, who is in an active machine-in-the-middle position using a TLS proxy and a self-signed certificate, to eavesdrop and manipulate the HTTPS communication. Consequently, the attacker can potentially steal the API access token of the assigned user account.

Conceptual Example Code

In essence, the attacker intercepts the communication between the device and server. A conceptual example could be depicted by the following pseudocode:

// Interception of communication
ATTACKER_MACHINE -> DEVICE:
START TLS HANDSHAKE
DEVICE -> ATTACKER_MACHINE:
SEND CLIENT HELLO
ATTACKER_MACHINE -> DEVICE:
SEND SERVER HELLO, CERTIFICATE (Self-Signed), SERVER HELLO DONE
DEVICE -> ATTACKER_MACHINE:
CLIENT KEY EXCHANGE, CHANGE CIPHER SPEC, ENCRYPTED HANDSHAKE MESSAGE
ATTACKER_MACHINE -> DEVICE:
CHANGE CIPHER SPEC, ENCRYPTED HANDSHAKE MESSAGE
// Communication manipulation
ATTACKER_MACHINE -> BACKEND_API:
GET /firmware/info HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Bearer <API access token>
BACKEND_API -> ATTACKER_MACHINE:
{ "firmware": { "version": "3.0808.0", "url": "..." } }
ATTACKER_MACHINE -> DEVICE:
{ "firmware": { "version": "3.0808.0", "url": "<malicious URL>" } }

This pseudocode demonstrates how the attacker intercepts the TLS handshake, manipulates the HTTPS communication, steals the API token, and potentially redirects the device to download malicious firmware.

Overview

An alarming cybersecurity vulnerability, identified as CVE-2024-53298, has been detected in Dell’s PowerScale OneFS versions 9.5.0.0 through 9.10.0.1. This vulnerability involves missing authorization in the NFS export, which is a critical component of a system’s file sharing capabilities. By exploiting this vulnerability, an unauthenticated attacker with remote access could gain unauthorized access to the filesystem. The potential consequences of such unauthorized access are severe, including reading, modifying, and deleting arbitrary files. This issue is considered critical as it can lead to full system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-53298
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized filesystem access, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Dell PowerScale OneFS | 9.5.0.0 – 9.10.0.1

How the Exploit Works

This critical vulnerability stems from missing authorization checks in the Network File System (NFS) export of the affected versions of Dell PowerScale OneFS. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted requests to the NFS export. Since the system does not properly validate these requests, an attacker can gain unauthorized access to the filesystem. This could potentially allow the attacker to read, modify, or delete arbitrary files, leading to data leakage or system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

# Attacker mounts the NFS export on their system
mount -t nfs target.example.com:/path/to/vulnerable/export /mnt/target
# Attacker now has unauthorized access to the filesystem and can read, modify, or delete files
cat /mnt/target/sensitive_file.txt
echo "malicious_content" > /mnt/target/sensitive_file.txt
rm /mnt/target/important_file.txt

This conceptual example is meant to illustrate the potential severity of the vulnerability and does not represent an actual exploit.

Mitigation Guidance

Dell recommends customers to upgrade their PowerScale OneFS to a version that addresses this vulnerability at the earliest opportunity. As a temporary mitigation, users can also employ Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to monitor and block potential exploit attempts. However, these are only temporary solutions and may not fully prevent exploitation. It is therefore crucial to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available.