Author: Ameeba

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-4349 is a critical security flaw found in D-Link DIR-600L routers up to version 2.07B01. This flaw affects the function formSysCmd and allows for command injection through host argument manipulation. The severity of this vulnerability is heightened due to its ability to be exploited remotely, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. As the affected products are no longer supported by the maintainer, it is crucial for users to be aware of this vulnerability and apply the necessary mitigation strategies.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4349
Severity: Critical (CVSS score 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | All versions up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists in the formSysCmd function, where the host argument can be manipulated. This manipulation allows the execution of arbitrary system commands, leading to command injection. As this can be initiated remotely, it provides an attacker with the ability to compromise the system or leak data.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is represented as a HTTP request where an attacker sends a POST request with a malicious payload to the vulnerable endpoint.

POST /formSysCmd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "host": "; rm -rf /" }

In this example, the host argument is manipulated to execute the ‘rm -rf /’ command, which deletes all files on the system. This highlights the severity and potential damage of this vulnerability.

Mitigation Guidance

As the products affected by this vulnerability are no longer supported by the maintainer (D-Link), the most effective mitigation strategy would be to apply a vendor patch. In the absence of a patch, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by detecting and preventing attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Furthermore, it is advisable to replace unsupported products with more secure and supported alternatives when possible.

Overview

A critical security vulnerability, CVE-2025-4348, has been identified in D-Link DIR-600L up to version 2.07B01. This vulnerability has been rated as critical, with a CVSS Severity Score of 8.8, indicating a significant risk to system security. The vulnerability arises from a buffer overflow condition in the function formSetWanL2TP, triggered by the manipulation of the ‘host’ argument. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage. Importantly, this vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by D-Link, making mitigation more challenging.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4348
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | Up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by sending a specially crafted request to the formSetWanL2TP function in the D-Link DIR-600L. This function, which handles the ‘host’ argument in the application, does not properly validate or sanitize the input. As a result, an attacker can overflow the buffer by sending an excessively long string in the ‘host’ argument, leading to memory corruption. This can cause the application to crash or potentially allow the execution of arbitrary code.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how a malicious HTTP request might look like:

POST /formSetWanL2TP HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "host": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...[continue A's to overflow buffer]... }

In this example, the ‘host’ argument is filled with an excessive number of ‘A’ characters, causing a buffer overflow.

Mitigation

The primary form of mitigation is to apply the vendor patch. However, since the affected product is no longer supported by the vendor, this may not be possible. In such cases, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. These systems can be configured to monitor for excessively long ‘host’ arguments and block or alert on such attempts. However, these are temporary mitigation measures, and users are encouraged to upgrade to a supported product as soon as possible.

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in D-Link DIR-600L routers up to version 2.07B01. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4347, has been rated as a high-severity threat with a CVSS score of 8.8. It affects the function formWlSiteSurvey and could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer, leaving these devices exposed without a forthcoming patch from the vendor.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4347
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | Up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the formWlSiteSurvey function of D-Link DIR-600L routers. By manipulating the ‘host’ argument in this function, an attacker can cause a buffer overflow condition. Buffer overflows are dangerous as they can potentially allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system or cause the system to crash. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely, which increases the risk associated with this flaw.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a hypothetical example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. In this scenario, the attacker sends a maliciously crafted HTTP request that causes a buffer overflow condition.

POST /formWlSiteSurvey HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-router
Content-Type: application/json
{ "host": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA..." }

In this example, the “A” string is longer than the buffer allocated for the ‘host’ parameter. The excess data overflows into adjacent memory, potentially leading to code execution or a system crash.

Mitigation

Given the high risk associated with this vulnerability, it is advised to apply a patch from the vendor, if available. If a patch is not available due to the end of product support, it may be necessary to consider other mitigation strategies such as using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block exploit attempts. However, these are only temporary measures and it is highly recommended to replace unsupported devices with ones that receive regular security updates from the vendor.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently identified a critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-4346) within D-Link DIR-600L routers up to version 2.07B01. This vulnerability pertains to a severe buffer overflow issue in the formSetWAN_Wizard534 function, posing serious risks to users of the affected products. This problem is particularly concerning due to the potential for remote exploitation and the fact that it affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer, posing a serious risk to users who are unable to apply vendor patches.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4346
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | Up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from an improper handling of the ‘host’ argument within the formSetWAN_Wizard534 function. A malicious actor can manipulate this argument, causing a buffer overflow condition. This can result in unexpected behavior, including potential system compromise or data leakage. Since this exploit can be launched remotely, an attacker doesn’t need physical access to the device, further amplifying the risk factor associated with this vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /formSetWAN_Wizard534 HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-router.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
host=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

In the above example, an attacker sends an HTTP POST request to the formSetWAN_Wizard534 function with an excessively long ‘host’ argument, causing a buffer overflow.
Please note, this example is purely conceptual and provided for illustrative purposes only. Actual exploitation might be more complex and depend on various factors.

Recommended Mitigation Strategies

As the affected products are no longer supported by the vendor, a vendor patch may not be available. In such cases, users are advised to consider alternative mitigation strategies such as employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These can help in identifying and potentially blocking attack attempts. However, they only provide temporary mitigation and the best long-term solution would be to replace unsupported and vulnerable devices.

Overview

This post delves into a severe vulnerability identified in the D-Link DIR-600L up to version 2.07B01. The vulnerability, marked as CVE-2025-4345, allows potential intruders to initiate a buffer overflow attack remotely and compromise the system. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to users of the affected D-Link model, which, despite being no longer supported by the manufacturer, is still widely used in many homes and small businesses. If exploited, attackers could potentially gain unauthorized access, control over the system, and even leak sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4345
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | Up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is located in the ‘formSetLog’ function of the D-Link DIR-600L firmware. Attackers can manipulate the ‘host’ argument, which leads to an overflow of the buffer. This overflow can then be used to execute arbitrary code on the system. The exploit can be triggered remotely without the need for authenticated access, making it a particularly dangerous vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Please note this is purely a hypothetical example. Exploiting vulnerabilities is illegal and unethical.

POST /formSetLog HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable_router
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
host=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA... [continue until overflow]

In this example, the ‘host’ argument is filled with an excessive number of ‘A’ characters, triggering a buffer overflow. In a real-world exploit, the overflow might be used to inject and execute malicious code.

Recommendations for Mitigation

Users of the D-Link DIR-600L router should immediately apply the vendor-provided patch to mitigate the risk. As a temporary measure, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide some protection. However, these are not long-term solutions and cannot fully prevent exploitation. It is also strongly recommended to replace unsupported devices with newer, supported models to avoid the risk of future vulnerabilities.

Overview

CVE-2025-2777 is a critical vulnerability in SysAid On-Prem versions up to and including 23.3.40. This vulnerability results from an unauthenticated XML External Entity (XXE) problem in the lshw processing functionality. If exploited successfully, this vulnerability can lead to administrator account takeover and file read, potentially compromising the system and leading to data leakage. The severity and broad impact of this vulnerability make it a pressing concern that requires immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2777
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.3)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Administrator account takeover, potential system compromise, and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SysAid On-Prem |

How the Exploit Works

The XXE vulnerability in SysAid On-Prem’s lshw processing functionality allows attackers to send specially crafted XML requests. These requests can force the software to access arbitrary files on the system or engage in Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF). This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, system files, or even result in the attacker taking over the administrator account, thus compromising the entire system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /lshw/process HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [
<!ELEMENT foo ANY >
<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd">
]>
<foo>&xxe;</foo>

In this example, the XML payload includes a DOCTYPE declaration with an ENTITY that is defined to read a file from the system (`/etc/passwd`). When the server processes this XML, it inadvertently sends back the contents of this file, disclosing sensitive information to the attacker.

Mitigation

Users of affected versions of SysAid On-Prem should apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible to mitigate the vulnerability. If immediate patching is not feasible, temporary mitigation can be achieved by employing web application firewalls (WAFs) or intrusion detection systems (IDS) to detect and block malicious XML payloads. Users should also consider disabling unnecessary features and services that process XML to reduce the attack surface.

Overview

The focus of this blog post is the recently identified vulnerability, CVE-2025-4335, that plagues the Woocommerce Multiple Addresses plugin for WordPress. This flaw can lead to privilege escalation, allowing attackers to gain unauthorized access to higher levels of the system. The vulnerability specifically affects all versions of the plugin up to and including 1.0.7.1. Given the widespread use of WordPress and the popularity of Woocommerce plugins, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to website owners and their users, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4335
Severity: High (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Subscriber-level Access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Woocommerce Multiple Addresses Plugin for WordPress | All versions up to and including 1.0.7.1

How the Exploit Works

This exploit hinges on the insufficient restrictions placed on user meta that can be updated through the save_multiple_shipping_addresses() function in the Woocommerce Multiple Addresses plugin. As a result, an authenticated attacker with Subscriber-level access or above can manipulate these meta to elevate their privileges to administrator level. This exploit does require user interaction, as the attacker must be authenticated and must actively manipulate the user meta.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=woocommerce_save_multiple_shipping_addresses HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"user_id": "target_user_id",
"shipping_addresses": [
{
"first_name": "Attacker",
"last_name": "Attacker",
"company": "",
"address_1": "123 Malicious St",
"address_2": "",
"city": "Malicious",
"state": "MS",
"postcode": "12345",
"country": "US",
"role": "administrator"
}
]
}

In this example, the attacker is attempting to change their role from a subscriber to an administrator through the save_multiple_shipping_addresses() function.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regularly updating and patching software is crucial in any cybersecurity strategy, and this vulnerability underscores its importance.

Overview

The cybersecurity industry is dealing with a newly discovered vulnerability, CVE-2025-4344, a critical issue found in D-Link DIR-600L up to version 2.07B01. This vulnerability affects the formLogin function, leading to a buffer overflow condition through the manipulation of the host argument. It’s especially troubling as the vulnerability can be initiated remotely, posing a significant threat to any system running the affected versions of this software.
The risk level associated with this vulnerability is severe due to the potential for system compromise or data leakage, which could lead to substantial financial and reputational damage. This issue particularly concerns those who are using products no longer supported by the maintainer, leaving them without official patches or updates to mitigate the risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4344
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise and/or Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | Up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is triggered when an attacker manipulates the ‘host’ argument in the formLogin function. This manipulation causes a buffer overflow, a situation where more data is written to a buffer than it can handle. This overflow can lead to erratic program behavior, crashes, or, in the worst case, the execution of malicious code. In the case of CVE-2025-4344, the overflow can be initiated remotely, without any user interaction, making it a highly critical cybersecurity threat.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This representation is simplified and for illustrative purposes only:

POST /formLogin HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
host=127.0.0.1&data=OVERFLOW_PAYLOAD

In this example, `OVERFLOW_PAYLOAD` would be a string crafted to overflow the buffer in the formLogin function, potentially allowing the execution of arbitrary code. Organizations should implement the recommended mitigation measures promptly to protect their systems and data from potential exploitation.

Mitigation Guidance

The primary mitigation strategy for CVE-2025-4344 would be to apply any available patches or updates provided by the vendor. However, given that the affected products are now unsupported, this option may not be available. In such cases, organizations should consider implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can identify and block malicious traffic, enhancing the security posture of the affected systems.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is fraught with vulnerabilities that could lead to significant data breaches and system compromises. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-3852, is present in the WPshop 2 – E-Commerce plugin for WordPress versions 2.0.0 to 2.6.0. This vulnerability is a serious threat due to its potential to allow an attacker to escalate privileges and take over an account. As the plugin is used widely for e-commerce purposes on WordPress, the vulnerability presents a significant risk to numerous businesses and individuals who depend on the platform for their online transactions.
The vulnerability matters because it could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, which could be devastating to the affected users. Both personal and financial information could be at stake, and the repercussions of such a breach could be far-reaching, impacting not just individual users, but also businesses and their reputations.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-3852
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (subscriber-level access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WPshop 2 – E-Commerce Plugin for WordPress | 2.0.0 to 2.6.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the plugin’s failure to properly validate a user’s identity before updating their details through the update() function. An attacker with subscriber-level access or above could exploit this vulnerability by altering arbitrary users’ passwords, including administrators. This allows the attacker to access, and potentially take over, these accounts.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=wpshop_ajax&action2=update HTTP/1.1
Host: target-site.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
user_id=target_user_id&email=attacker_email&pass=attacker_pass

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the update function, changing the target user’s email and password to their own. With this, the attacker would have successfully taken over the target user’s account.

Overview

In a critical revelation, a severe vulnerability has been discovered in the D-Link DIR-600L up to version 2.07B01. This vulnerability is potentially alarming as it can lead to a buffer overflow through the manipulation of the host argument in the function formEasySetupWizard. The vulnerability is of particular significance because the attack can be initiated remotely, putting numerous systems at risk. Given the severity of the situation, understanding the intricacies of this vulnerability is crucial for organizations that may still be using these no longer supported products.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4343
Severity: Critical, CVSS Severity Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-600L | Up to 2.07B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is present within the function formEasySetupWizard of D-Link DIR-600L. Specifically, the issue arises from the improper handling of the host argument. When manipulated, this can lead to a buffer overflow. A buffer overflow is a situation where a program or process attempts to write more data to a fixed length block of memory, or buffer, than it is allocated to hold. This overflow can overwrite adjacent memory, leading to erratic program behavior, potentially resulting in system crashes, incorrect outputs, or a breach of system security.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an HTTP request might be manipulated to exploit this vulnerability:

POST /formEasySetupWizard HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
host=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA... (long string of A's to cause buffer overflow)

In this example, the string of A’s represents a large amount of data that overflows the buffer when the host argument is processed. This overflowing data can potentially overwrite crucial information, leading to the aforementioned system compromise or data leakage.

Mitigation Guidance

Given that the D-Link DIR-600L products affected by CVE-2025-4343 are no longer supported by the manufacturer, it’s crucial for users to apply the appropriate vendor patch as soon as possible. If a patch is not immediately available or applicable, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation strategies. These measures can help detect and prevent attempted exploitation of the vulnerability until a more permanent solution can be implemented.