Author: Ameeba

CVE-2025-6704: Arbitrary File Writing Vulnerability in Secure PDF eXchange (SPX) of Sophos Firewall
Overview

CVE-2025-6704 is a critical vulnerability that exists in the Secure PDF eXchange (SPX) feature of Sophos Firewall. This vulnerability, if exploited, could allow an attacker to execute remote code without authentication, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Users utilizing Sophos Firewall versions below 21.0 MR2 (21.0.2) that run in High Availability (HA) mode combined with a specific SPX configuration are affected. The severity of this vulnerability makes it imperative for security administrators and IT professionals to prioritize its mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6704
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Sophos Firewall | Versions older than 21.0 MR2 (21.0.2)

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the SPX feature of Sophos Firewall. When the firewall runs in High Availability mode with a specific configuration of SPX enabled, it exposes an arbitrary file writing flaw. This vulnerability can be exploited by a remote attacker over the network without requiring any form of authentication or user interaction. Once exploited, this vulnerability allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of the vulnerability, an attacker could exploit it by sending a specifically crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint. Below is a conceptual example of what this HTTP request might look like:
```
POST /sophos/spx/vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "arbitrary_code_to_execute" }
```
In this example, the “malicious_payload” would contain the arbitrary code that the attacker wants to execute on the system. Once the request is processed by the server, the code is written to an arbitrary file and executed, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.
Finally, it is important to note that this is a high-severity vulnerability which requires immediate attention. The recommended mitigation steps include applying the vendor patch or using Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure.
July 27, 2025
CVE-2025-52164: Agorum Core Open Plaintext Credential Vulnerability
Overview

The vulnerability in question, CVE-2025-52164, exists within two versions of Software GmbH’s Agorum core open v11.9.2 & v11.10.1. This vulnerability is particularly severe due to the software’s insecure storage of users’ credentials. Instead of encrypting the credentials, it stores them in plaintext, thereby exposing them to potential malicious users who manage to gain access to this data. This vulnerability is of particular concern to organizations that use these versions of Agorum core open, as it could lead to significant breaches of security and privacy.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52164
Severity: High (8.2 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Agorum core open | v11.9.2
Agorum core open | v11.10.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploitation of this vulnerability stems from the software’s insecure method of storing user credentials. Specifically, instead of encrypting these details, it stores them in plaintext. A malicious actor who gains access to the database or any area where these credentials are stored can read and misuse them directly, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive information or the overall system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how a malicious actor might attempt to exploit this vulnerability:
```
GET /api/credentials HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-agorum.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
```
The above HTTP request attempts to access the endpoint where the plaintext credentials are stored. If the attacker has already compromised the system to a degree that allows them to send such requests, they could retrieve these credentials and use them for further malicious activities.

Mitigation and Patching

The primary mitigation strategy for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch. Software GmbH has released patches for both affected versions of Agorum core open. Organizations using these software versions should apply these patches immediately to protect their systems.
In cases where applying the patch is not immediately possible, organizations can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation strategy. This can help prevent unauthorized access to the vulnerable endpoint until the patch can be applied. However, this should not be seen as a long-term solution, as it does not address the root cause of the vulnerability.
July 27, 2025
CVE-2025-53923: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability in Emlog Website Building System
Overview

Emlog, a widely used open-source website building system, is currently facing a serious security vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-53923. This vulnerability is a type of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack that allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts or HTML. Critical to both individual users and businesses, it can lead to potential system compromise or data leakage. With a CVSS severity score of 8.2, this is a major concern for any entity using Emlog up to and including version pro-2.5.17.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-53923
Severity: High (8.2)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Emlog | Up to and including pro-2.5.17

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from Emlog’s failure to properly sanitize the ‘keyword’ parameter in its programming. This lack of input validation allows attackers to inject HTML/JS code into this parameter. When a user is lured into clicking a specially crafted link, the attacker’s code can execute in the user’s browser. The attacker can then access sensitive data, manipulate web content, or perform other malicious activities.

Conceptual Example Code

Assuming a malicious actor wants to exploit this vulnerability, a conceptual HTTP request might look like this:
```
GET /search?keyword=<script>malicious_code_here</script> HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com
```
In this example, `` is where the attacker would insert their harmful JavaScript. This script runs when a user clicks on the manipulated link.

Impact of the Vulnerability

The potential impact of this exploit is severe. An attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the user’s browser, possibly leading to undesired system compromise or data leakage. This could include theft of sensitive information, session hijacking, or even remote code execution.

Recommended Mitigation

Unfortunately, as of the time of publication, there are no known patched versions of Emlog addressing this vulnerability. Until a patch is released, users are recommended to implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can monitor and block potentially harmful HTTP requests, thus preventing exploitation of this vulnerability.
In addition to these measures, users should be educated on the risks of clicking on unverified links and trained to recognize potential phishing attempts. Regular updates and patches should be applied as soon as they are released by the vendor.
July 27, 2025
CVE-2025-7359: Arbitrary File Deletion Vulnerability in Counter live visitors for WooCommerce Plugin
Overview

The Counter live visitors for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress, a widely used e-commerce solution, has recently been identified as having a significant security vulnerability. This vulnerability, catalogued as CVE-2025-7359, is present in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.6. It enables attackers to delete arbitrary files on the server, potentially causing data loss or a denial of service condition. Given the widespread usage of WordPress and WooCommerce, this vulnerability presents a substantial risk to a significant number of websites and their users.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7359
Severity: High (8.2 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Data Loss, Denial of Service, Potential System Compromise or Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Counter live visitors for WooCommerce Plugin | Up to and including 1.3.6

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists due to insufficient file path validation in the wcvisitor_get_block function. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the server, which would allow them to delete any file present on the server. This could result in the loss of critical data or cause a denial of service by deleting system files, thereby causing the system to malfunction or become unavailable.

Conceptual Example Code

An example of a malicious request exploiting the vulnerability might look like this:
```
POST /wcvisitor_get_block HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "file_path": "/path/to/arbitrary/directory/*" }
```
Mitigation

To protect against this vulnerability, users of the Counter live visitors for WooCommerce plugin should update to the latest version as soon as possible. If an update is not immediately available, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These can help block malicious requests that attempt to exploit this vulnerability.
July 26, 2025
CVE-2025-54075: Critical Markdown Component Vulnerability in NuxtJS MDC
Overview

The digital world is once again under threat from a severe cybersecurity vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-54075, affecting the Markdown component (MDC) in NuxtJS. MDC is a tool used widely for writing documents that interact deeply with Vue components. This vulnerability, if exploited, can lead to potential system compromise or data leakage, making it a significant concern for users and developers alike. It is especially critical for businesses that utilize MDC in NuxtJS for their operations, as it poses a significant risk to their data security infrastructure.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54075
Severity: Critical (CVSS score 8.3)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NuxtJS MDC | Prior to version 0.17.2

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability arises due to an issue in the Markdown component of NuxtJS. The flaw allows a Markdown author to inject a “ element. The `` tag rewrites how all subsequent relative URLs are resolved, enabling an attacker to load scripts, styles, or images from an external, attacker-controlled origin. As a result, an attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the site’s context, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample Markdown document that includes the malicious `` tag:
```
# My Markdown Document
<base href="https://attacker.tld">
Here is some text...
```
When parsed and rendered by the vulnerable version of NuxtJS MDC, this document would cause all subsequent relative URLs to be resolved against `https://attacker.tld`, potentially leading to the loading of malicious scripts or other resources.

Recommended Mitigations

Users and developers are urged to update to version 0.17.2 of NuxtJS MDC, which contains a fix for the issue. As a temporary mitigation measure, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help safeguard against potential exploits. However, these measures are not substitutes for applying the vendor patch, and as such, the patch should be applied as soon as possible to ensure maximum protection against this critical vulnerability.
July 26, 2025
CVE-2025-24938: Command Injection Vulnerability in Web Application
Overview

As cybersecurity continues to grow in importance, the discovery of new vulnerabilities has become a common occurrence. One such vulnerability that has been recently identified is CVE-2025-24938, a high-risk issue affecting web applications. This vulnerability allows user input to pass unfiltered to a command executed on the underlying operating system, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this vulnerability can’t be overstated, as it could allow a high-privilege attacker to execute commands on the operating system under the context of the web server.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-24938
Severity: High (8.4 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: High (Administrator)
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Web Application X | All versions before patch
Web Application Y | All versions before patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the web application’s User Management module. When a new user is created, the application allows user input to be passed directly to the underlying operating system without any filtering. This flaw allows an attacker with administrative access to inject malicious commands, which are then executed under the context of the web server.
Due to the vulnerable component being bound to the network stack, the potential set of attackers extends to anyone with internet access. This greatly increases the potential impact of this vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:
```
POST /usermanagement/createuser HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "username": "newuser; rm -rf /;", "password": "password" }
```
In this example, the attacker is creating a new user but also appending a malicious command (`rm -rf /;`) after the username. This command will be passed unfiltered to the operating system and executed, leading to the deletion of all files in the system.

Recommended Mitigation

The most effective mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can help filter out malicious commands and prevent them from reaching the underlying operating system.
However, these are only temporary solutions. Until the patch is applied, the system remains vulnerable to potential attacks. Therefore, it is highly recommended to apply the patch as soon as possible.
As always, it’s important to maintain good security practices, such as limiting high-privilege access and regularly updating and patching all software.
July 26, 2025
CVE-2025-54317: Path Traversal Vulnerability in Logpoint Leading to Remote Code Execution
Overview

In the ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity, it’s critical to stay ahead of potential threats that could compromise the security of your systems. One such threat is the recently uncovered CVE-2025-54317 vulnerability in versions of Logpoint before 7.6.0. This vulnerability, if exploited, can lead to remote code execution (RCE), potentially compromising your system or leading to data leakage. As a serious security flaw, it is essential to understand the nature of this vulnerability, its potential impact, and steps for mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54317
Severity: High (8.4 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Operator Privileges)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Logpoint | Before 7.6.0

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-54317 vulnerability exploits a path traversal weakness when an operator is creating a Layout Template in Logpoint. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate the input data to step out of the restricted boundaries and access unauthorized directories or files. This unauthorized access can lead to unauthorized read or write operations, or even code execution, potentially granting the attacker control over the affected system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a representative example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:
```
# Attacker gains operator privileges
sudo su operator
# Attacker navigates to the Layout Template creation module
cd /path/to/Logpoint/LayoutTemplate
# Attacker injects malicious payload via path traversal
echo "{malicious_code}" > ../../../../../root/unauthorized_file
```
In this example, `{malicious_code}` represents the code that an attacker might use to compromise the system. It also shows how the attacker is potentially able to navigate to directories outside the authorized scope, illustrating the path traversal aspect of this vulnerability.

Mitigation Strategies

To protect your systems from this vulnerability, it is highly recommended to apply the vendor patch. Logpoint has released version 7.6.0, which addresses this security issue. If you are not able to apply the patch immediately, you can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation to monitor network traffic and identify any potentially malicious activity.
Remember, the best defense against any vulnerability is staying informed and routinely updating and patching your systems.
July 26, 2025
CVE-2025-50151: Critical File Access Path Vulnerability in Apache Jena
Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in Apache Jena, a free and open-source Java framework for building Semantic Web and Linked Data applications, that can potentially lead to system compromise and data leakage. Identified as CVE-2025-50151, this vulnerability has a CVSS severity score of 8.8, which is considered high. The flaw lies in the lack of validation for file access paths in configuration files uploaded by administrators. This oversight can have serious implications for the confidentiality and integrity of data, as well as system availability, and therefore matters to all users of Apache Jena up to version 5.4.0.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50151
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: High (Administrator access)
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Apache Jena | Up to 5.4.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the lack of validation of file access paths in configuration files uploaded by users with administrative access. This means that an attacker with such access can upload a configuration file with a malicious file access path. When this configuration file is used by the system, the application ends up reading or writing data to an unintended and potentially insecure location, leading to data leakage or system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a maliciously crafted configuration file:
```
POST /admin/upload_config HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.apachejena.com
Content-Type: application/xml
<Configuration>
<FileAccessPath>../../../etc/passwd</FileAccessPath>
...
</Configuration>
```
In the above example, the file access path points to a system file (`/etc/passwd`), which is outside the intended directory. When this configuration is used, it could potentially read or write to this system file, leading to a security breach.

Mitigation

Apache Jena users are advised to upgrade to version 5.5.0, which includes a fix for this vulnerability. In this version, arbitrary configuration upload is not allowed, thereby preventing this issue. If upgrading is not immediately possible, users can apply vendor patches or use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation.
July 26, 2025
CVE-2025-23267: Critical Vulnerability in NVIDIA Container Toolkit
Overview

In the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity, the discovery of new vulnerabilities is an inevitable part of the cycle. One such vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-23267, has been discovered in the NVIDIA Container Toolkit across all platforms. This vulnerability is particularly alarming due to the widespread use of NVIDIA’s technology across various industries and its potential to compromise systems and leak data.
The importance of addressing this issue promptly cannot be overstated. If exploited, this vulnerability could allow an attacker to tamper with data and cause denial of service, leading to significant disruption and potential loss of sensitive information.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-23267
Severity: Critical (8.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Data tampering, Denial of Service, Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NVIDIA Container Toolkit | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the update-ldcache hook of the NVIDIA Container Toolkit. An attacker can craft a malicious container image and cause a link following. This essentially tricks the system into redirecting data or requests to an unintended location, leading to data tampering or denial of service. The attacker could potentially gain unauthorized access to data or disrupt services, leading to a system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example to illustrate this vulnerability might look something like this:
```
docker run -v /host/path:/container/path my-malicious-image
```
In this example, `my-malicious-image` is a specially crafted container image that contains malicious code that exploits the update-ldcache hook vulnerability. The `-v` flag in the command mounts a host directory (`/host/path`) into the container (`/container/path`), allowing the malicious code to potentially tamper with data or disrupt services on the host system.

Recommendations

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. As a temporary measure, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer some protection by identifying and blocking malicious traffic. However, these measures only serve as a temporary mitigation and cannot fully address the vulnerability. It’s crucial to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s released to ensure the security of your systems.
July 26, 2025
CVE-2025-52819: Critical SQL Injection Vulnerability in Pakke Envíos
Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, one of the most potent threats to the integrity of your data and systems is the prevalence of SQL Injection vulnerabilities. One such recent vulnerability, CVE-2025-52819, has been identified in the pakkemx Pakke Envíos. This vulnerability, if left unpatched, can lead to serious consequences such as system compromise and data leakage. Given the severity of this issue, it is crucial for users and administrators to understand the nature of this vulnerability and take appropriate action to mitigate its potential impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52819
Severity: Critical (8.5 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise, Potential Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Pakke Envíos | n/a through 1.0.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exploits improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command within the Pakke Envíos. An attacker could manipulate SQL queries within the application by injecting malicious SQL code. This could lead to unauthorized viewing, modification, or deletion of data within the database, and in the worst-case scenario, it could lead to a complete system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a basic demonstration of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. Please note that this is a simplified example and real-world exploits could be far more complex and harmful.
```
POST /PakkeEnvios/login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin' OR '1'='1&password=admin' OR '1'='1
```
In this example, an attacker is trying to bypass login authentication by injecting the payload `admin’ OR ‘1’=’1` into both username and password fields. This payload alters the SQL query logic to always return true, potentially allowing the attacker to authenticate as any user.

Mitigation

To protect your system from this exploit, the first and foremost step is to apply the vendor-provided patch. This will eliminate the vulnerability and prevent potential exploitation. If a patch is not immediately available or cannot be applied in a timely manner, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. However, these are not permanent solutions and should be replaced with the vendor patch as soon as possible. Regularly updating and patching your software is the key to maintaining a secure system.
July 26, 2025