Author: Ameeba

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been identified in the ‘dagre-d3-es’ Node.js package, specifically within the ‘bk’ module’s addConflict function. This vulnerability is of particular concern to developers and organizations that utilize this package in their software or web applications. The flaw lies in the improper sanitization of user-supplied input during property assignment operations, enabling attackers to exploit prototype pollution vulnerabilities and potentially compromise systems or leak sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-57347
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage, denial of service, unexpected application behavior, or execution of arbitrary code.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

‘dagre-d3-es’ Node.js Package | <=7.0.9 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the ‘bk’ module’s addConflict function within the ‘dagre-d3-es’ Node.js package. This function fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input during property assignment operations. As a result, an attacker can inject malicious input values (e.g., “__proto__”) to modify the JavaScript Object prototype chain unauthorizedly. This is known as prototype pollution.
If the polluted properties are later accessed or executed, it could lead to denial of service conditions, unexpected application behavior, or potential execution of arbitrary code. Essentially, this gives an attacker the ability to manipulate application data or even behavior, which may result in a full system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider the following conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:

// The attacker constructs an object with malicious input
let maliciousPayload = JSON.parse('{"__proto__":{"pollute":"Prototype chain polluted!"}}');
// The attacker passes the malicious object to the vulnerable 'addConflict' function
bk.addConflict(maliciousPayload);
// Any subsequent object created will have the polluted properties
let newObj = {};
console.log(newObj.pollute);  // Outputs: "Prototype chain polluted!"

This conceptual example illustrates how an attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability to manipulate an application’s data and behavior.

Mitigation Guidance

Given the severity of this vulnerability, it’s recommended that affected users apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, users can employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation approach to detect and prevent potential exploitation attempts.

Overview

The csvtojson package, a widely used tool for converting CSV data into JSON format, suffers from a potentially serious vulnerability classified as CVE-2025-57350. The issue stems from insufficient sanitization of nested header names during the parsing process. The vulnerability affects all versions of the package prior to 2.0.10. This flaw is of significant concern given the widespread use of the csvtojson package, and the potential for this vulnerability to be exploited could lead to serious consequences.
The vulnerability, if left unaddressed, could lead to denial of service conditions or unexpected behaviour in applications that utilise the csvtojson package, particularly when processing untrusted CSV data. The severity of this issue is underscored by its potential to compromise systems or lead to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-57350
Severity: High (8.6 on CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service, Unexpected Behaviour, Potential System Compromise or Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

csvtojson | Prior to 2.0.10

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises when the csvtojson package processes a CSV file with specially crafted header fields that reference prototype chains (for instance, using __proto__ syntax). The package fails to adequately sanitize these header names during the parsing process, which in turn allows an attacker to modify properties of the base Object prototype. This modification could lead to denial of service conditions or unexpected behaviour in applications relying on unmodified prototype chains.

Conceptual Example Code

An example of a maliciously crafted CSV file might look something like this:

"__proto__,normal_field1
"polluted_value","value1"

In this example, “__proto__” is a nested header name that references prototype chains. When this CSV file is processed by a vulnerable version of the csvtojson package, it allows an attacker to modify properties of the base Object prototype, with potential harmful consequences.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of the csvtojson package are urged to upgrade to version 2.0.10 or later, where the vulnerability has been addressed. If updating is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could serve as temporary mitigation measures. However, these are not long-term solutions and do not address the underlying issue. Developers should always ensure they are using the most recent and secure versions of the packages they depend on.