Author: Ameeba

Overview

A severe vulnerability has been discovered in D-Link DI-8100 version 1.0, a popular networking hardware device. This vulnerability has been classified as critical, posing a significant risk to all systems running this version of the device. It pertains to the function ‘sprintf’ in the file ‘/upnp_ctrl.asp’ of the component ‘jhttpd’. This vulnerability could allow a remote attacker to manipulate ‘remove_ext_proto/remove_ext_port’ arguments, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. Given its potential to compromise systems and lead to data leakage, it is imperative that organizations take immediate steps to patch their systems or implement appropriate mitigations.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7911
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DI-8100 | 1.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the sprintf function of the file /upnp_ctrl.asp of the jhttpd component. An attacker can remotely manipulate the arguments remove_ext_proto/remove_ext_port to induce a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a HTTP request.

POST /upnp_ctrl.asp HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable_device_IP
Content-Type: application/json
{
"remove_ext_proto": "OVERFLOWING STRING HERE",
"remove_ext_port": "OVERFLOWING STRING HERE"
}

In the above example, the attacker sends a POST request with overly-long strings as values for remove_ext_proto and remove_ext_port, causing a buffer overflow in the host device’s memory.

Mitigation Guidance

The best course of action to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are only temporary solutions and should be replaced with the vendor patch as soon as feasible.

Overview

A critical vulnerability, tagged as CVE-2025-7910, has been identified in D-Link DIR-513 routers version 1.10. This vulnerability is of significant concern as it affects the function sprintf of the file /goform/formSetWanNonLogin of the Boa Webserver component. The vulnerability could be exploited remotely, and the exploit has been publicly disclosed, making the affected systems a potential target for cybercriminals. Given the criticality of this vulnerability, it is crucial for users and administrators to understand the risks involved and take necessary precautions.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7910
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-513 | 1.10

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability emanates from an incorrect use of the sprintf function in the file /goform/formSetWanNonLogin of the Boa Webserver component, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This vulnerability is triggered when an excessively long ‘curTime’ argument is passed, causing the stack buffer to overflow. This overflow can be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary code or potentially compromise the system’s integrity and confidentiality.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a
conceptual
example of how the vulnerability could be exploited using an HTTP request:

POST /goform/formSetWanNonLogin HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
curTime=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In the above example, an excessively long ‘curTime’ argument is sent to the server, leading to a buffer overflow.

Mitigation and Recommendations

Affected users are advised to apply the vendor’s patch to correct this vulnerability. As this vulnerability affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer, users are encouraged to upgrade to a newer, supported version of the product. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation strategy. These systems can detect and prevent exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability.

Overview

In the cybersecurity landscape, vulnerabilities are regularly discovered in both current and legacy systems. One such recent discovery is CVE-2025-7909, a critical vulnerability found in the D-Link DIR-513 1.0 router. This vulnerability has been rated as critical due to its potential to compromise systems and lead to significant data leakage. It specifically impacts the Boa Webserver component of these routers, which are no longer supported by D-Link. This lack of support increases the risk, as users cannot rely on vendor patches or updates for mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7909
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-513 | 1.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the sprintf function of the file /goform/formLanSetupRouterSettings of the Boa Webserver component. The issue is triggered by improper handling of the argument ‘curTime’. An attacker can manipulate the ‘curTime’ argument, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can allow unauthorized remote execution of arbitrary code. This vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited remotely, and the exploit has been publicly disclosed.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. It entails issuing a HTTP request with a manipulated ‘curTime’ argument in the payload:

POST /goform/formLanSetupRouterSettings HTTP/1.1
Host: target_router_ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
curTime=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In this example, ‘A’s represent an excessively long string which would cause a buffer overflow in the target router’s memory stack.

Mitigation Guidance

In the absence of an official patch from the vendor, users can mitigate the risk by employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit the vulnerability. It is also advisable to replace unsupported devices like the D-Link DIR-513 1.0 with newer, supported models to ensure ongoing security updates and protection.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is continually evolving, with new threats and vulnerabilities emerging on a regular basis. One recent addition to this landscape is CVE-2025-32574, a critical SQL injection vulnerability affecting mojoomla WPGYM. mojoomla WPGYM, widely utilized by fitness professionals for management of their businesses, has become a target of this high-severity exploit. This vulnerability matters because it carries a CVSS severity score of 8.5, meaning it has the potential to compromise systems or lead to data leakage if successfully exploited.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32574
Severity: High (8.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

mojoomla WPGYM | n/a through 65.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-32574, arises from the improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command within mojoomla WPGYM. This means that the application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries. As a result, an attacker could inject malicious SQL commands into the application, which are then executed by the database. This could potentially lead to unauthorized viewing, modification, or deletion of data stored within the database.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request wherein the attacker injects a malicious SQL statement into the user input field.

POST /login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin' --&password=anything

In this example, the injected SQL code (‘admin’ –) results in the remainder of the SQL query being commented out, thereby bypassing the need for a password and potentially granting the attacker administrator access to the system.

Mitigation Measures

The most effective way to protect against this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. Until the patch can be applied, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can help monitor and block suspicious traffic, including attempts to exploit vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-32574. Additionally, regularly reviewing and updating security policies can help prevent or limit the impact of future vulnerabilities.

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in D-Link DI-8100 1.0, which could potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability lies within the sprintf function of the jhttpd component, specifically in the /ddns.asp?opt=add file. The vulnerability has been assigned a severity score of 8.8 (CVSS), making it a critical concern for all users of the affected product. It is of utmost importance that necessary measures are taken to mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability.
In this blog post, we will delve into the details of this vulnerability, understand how it works, and explore the mitigation strategies.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7908
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DI-8100 | 1.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the improper handling of the ‘mx’ argument in the sprintf function of the /ddns.asp?opt=add file. Specifically, by manipulating this ‘mx’ argument, an attacker can cause a stack-based buffer overflow. This could potentially allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code or disrupt the normal operation of the affected system. This attack can be launched remotely and does not require any user interaction, making it a severe threat.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an HTTP request exploiting this vulnerability might look like:

POST /ddns.asp?opt=add HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
mx=%s [Repeated long enough to overflow the buffer]

In the above example, the ‘%s’ is repeated long enough to overflow the buffer, potentially allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Mitigation

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation strategy. These systems can help identify and block potential exploit attempts. However, it is highly recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible to fully protect the system from this vulnerability.
Remember, staying vigilant and proactive in applying patches and updates is key in maintaining a strong security posture.

Overview

Today we are focusing on a severe cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-46385, which poses a significant threat to data integrity and system security. This vulnerability pertains to a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF), a dangerous exploit that allows attackers to launch requests from the server hosting the application. The vulnerability affects a wide range of products and systems, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Given its high severity score and the potential damage it can cause, understanding and mitigating this vulnerability should be a priority for all security-conscious organizations.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-46385
Severity: Severe, CVSS score of 8.6
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Product A | Versions 1.0 to 2.5
Product B | Versions 3.0 to 4.5

How the Exploit Works

At its core, the CVE-2025-46385 exploit involves an attacker manipulating the server into making a network request to an arbitrary URL. The server, thinking the request is legitimate, sends the request to the specified endpoint. This can lead to unauthorized actions being performed on behalf of the server, potentially compromising other systems within the same network. In the worst-case scenario, this can lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited, in the form of an HTTP request:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "url": "http://localhost/admin/deleteAllUsers" }

The above request tells the server to send a POST request to the `deleteAllUsers` endpoint on the local host. If the server is not properly validating the URLs it is requested to connect to, this could result in all users being deleted from the system.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-46385

To mitigate the risk from this vulnerability, organizations are advised to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. In the event that a patch is not immediately available or cannot be applied, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block potentially malicious requests, preventing the SSRF vulnerability from being exploited. However, this should be seen as a temporary solution, and applying the patch should still be the ultimate goal.

Overview

Vulnerabilities in software infrastructure are an ever-present threat to organizations, big and small. One such vulnerability recently identified is CVE-2025-53762, a security flaw found within Microsoft Purview. This vulnerability, if left unchecked, can allow an authorized attacker to escalate their privileges over a network, potentially leading to severe data leakage or system compromise.
This vulnerability affects all organizations utilizing the concerned software, potentially exposing sensitive data and jeopardizing the integrity of a network or system. In the age of digital transformation and increasing dependence on cloud-based solutions, understanding the implications of this vulnerability and how to mitigate its impact is of utmost importance.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-53762
Severity: High (8.7 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Purview | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability results from the software having a permissive list of allowed inputs. This means that an attacker can bypass access controls and escalate their user privileges on a network. The exploit works by the attacker injecting malicious payloads or commands that are not adequately sanitized by the software’s input validation procedures. This can lead to unauthorized access, data leakage, or even full control of the system.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"command": "elevate_privilege",
"payload": "malicious_code_here"
}

In this example, an attacker sends a POST request to a vulnerable endpoint on the target system. The `elevate_privilege` command in the request could trigger the privilege escalation vulnerability, offering the attacker higher-level access than they should have.

Recommended Mitigation Steps

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is strongly recommended to apply the vendor patch immediately. This patch will address the vulnerability by enhancing the input validation procedures and removing the possibility of unauthorized command execution.
In the interim, before the patch can be applied, organizations can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability. These temporary solutions, however, are not substitutes for the vendor patch and should be applied only as short-term protective measures.

Overview

In this post, we delve into the details of a critical vulnerability dubbed CVE-2025-47917, which poses a significant risk to applications developed in accordance with the Mbed TLS documentation before version 3.6.4. This vulnerability possesses the capability to compromise systems and leak confidential data, making it a matter of grave concern for developers, administrators, and organizations alike.
The vulnerability is of particular concern due to its severity and the widespread usage of Mbed TLS in various applications. As businesses increasingly adopt digital solutions and cloud-based services, ensuring the security of such applications becomes paramount to prevent potential attacks and data breaches.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47917
Severity: High (8.9 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Mbed TLS | Before 3.6.4

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-47917 vulnerability stems from a use-after-free situation in certain Mbed TLS applications developed in accordance with the documentation. The function mbedtls_x509_string_to_names() takes an argument documented as an output argument. The function, however, calls mbedtls_asn1_free_named_data_list() on that argument, which performs a deep free() operation.
This sequence of events leads to a situation where the application code, which uses this function relying on documented behavior, still holds pointers to the memory blocks that were freed. This can lead to a high risk of use-after-free or double-free situations, particularly in the two sample programs x509/cert_write and x509/cert_req. If the san string contains more than one DN, a use-after-free situation occurs.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example that illustrates how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simplified version and actual exploitation could be more complex:

#include "mbedtls/x509.h"
int main() {
mbedtls_x509_name *name;
char *san = "CN=example.com, CN=malicious.com";
// This call frees the memory pointed by 'name'
mbedtls_x509_string_to_names(&name, san);
// 'name' is now a dangling pointer
// Any access or modification to 'name' here may result in undefined behavior
// Exploits can manipulate this to take advantage or corrupt the system
return 0;
}

This code shows that the vulnerability lies in the fact that the function mbedtls_x509_string_to_names() frees the memory pointed to by ‘name’, leaving it as a dangling pointer. Any subsequent access to ‘name’ could lead to undefined behavior, which could be exploited by malicious actors.

Overview

In this blog post, we will take a deep dive into the recently identified CVE-2025-46384 vulnerability, a critical security flaw that poses significant threats to digital infrastructures. This vulnerability, defined as CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type, affects a wide array of systems and applications, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. With its high CVSS Severity Score of 8.8, it’s crucial for system administrators, security officers, and all stakeholders to understand this vulnerability and how to mitigate it effectively.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-46384
Severity: Critical – CVSS score 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Product 1] | [Version 1.0 – 2.0]
[Product 2] | [Version 3.0 – 4.0]

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-46384 vulnerability is based on the unrestricted upload of files with dangerous types. These types of files can include scripts or executables that are capable of running commands or code on the server. When an attacker successfully uploads such a file, they can trigger the execution of the file, leading to unauthorized actions such as data theft, system compromise, or other harmful activities.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a mock HTTP POST request that uploads a malicious file:

POST /upload_endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious_script.sh"
Content-Type: application/x-sh
echo 'Malicious command or script content here'
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW

When the server processes this request, it could potentially execute the uploaded file, leading to the unwanted outcomes outlined above.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, the most effective solution is to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary mitigation by inspecting and controlling the types of files that can be uploaded to the system. It’s also recommended to enforce strict file type validation and to disable the execution of scripts or code from uploaded files.

Overview

The critical vulnerability CVE-2025-7855, discovered in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9, poses a significant threat to cybersecurity due to its potential for remote execution of arbitrary code. The vulnerability lies in the fromqossetting function of the /goform/qossetting file, and its exploitation could lead to severe consequences such as a full system compromise or data leakage. Given the ubiquity of Tenda devices in personal and professional environments, addressing this vulnerability should be a priority for all users and administrators.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7855
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda FH451 | 1.0.0.9

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by manipulating the ‘page’ argument in the ‘fromqossetting’ function of the ‘/goform/qossetting’ file. This manipulation results in a stack-based buffer overflow, creating an opportunity for attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code. Since the attacker does not require any privileges and there’s no need for user interaction, the exploit can be launched remotely, significantly increasing its potential reach.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an HTTP request exploiting this vulnerability might look:

POST /goform/qossetting HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
page=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In the above example, ‘A’ represents a character string long enough to overflow the stack buffer.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective mitigation strategy is to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as it is available. If for any reason, immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary measure to block potential exploit attempts. Regularly updated signatures on these systems can help detect and prevent attacks exploiting this vulnerability.
Always remember, the best defense against cybersecurity threats is a proactive approach to security.