Author: Ameeba

  • CVE-2025-6585: WP JobHunt Plugin for WordPress Vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference

    Overview

    The WP JobHunt plugin for WordPress, a popular application used by millions for job board functionality, is currently facing a significant cybersecurity threat. The plugin has been identified with a vulnerability that allows users with minimal privileges to delete the accounts of other users, potentially leading to major data loss or even a system compromise. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-6585, affects all versions up to and including 7.2 of the WP JobHunt plugin. Given the widespread use of WordPress and this plugin, this vulnerability poses a serious risk to website owners, businesses, and users alike.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-6585
    Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: Low (Subscriber-level access)
    User Interaction: Required
    Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    WP JobHunt Plugin for WordPress | Up to and including 7.2

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the `cs_remove_profile_callback()` function of the WP JobHunt plugin. Specifically, the function fails to validate a user-controlled key properly. This oversight enables an authenticated attacker, even with just Subscriber-level access, to delete accounts of other users, including admins. The attacker could potentially craft a malicious payload, send it to the vulnerable server, and delete other users’ accounts, thereby gaining unauthorized access or causing significant disruption.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following pseudocode illustrates what an exploit might look like:

    POST /wp-jobhunt/delete-profile HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    {
    "user_id": "[Target User ID]",
    "action": "delete"
    }

    In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the vulnerable endpoint with a JSON payload containing the user_id of the targeted account and an action set to “delete. Since the `cs_remove_profile_callback()` function does not properly validate the user_id, the server processes the request, leading to the deletion of the targeted account.

    Recommendations for Mitigation

    The vendor has released a patch to fix this vulnerability, and it is highly recommended to apply this patch immediately. If this is not possible, a temporary mitigation can be implemented by using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These can help block or alert on suspicious activities to reduce the risk of exploitation. Additionally, regular audits of user activity and strong password policies can help prevent unauthorized access.

  • CVE-2025-54445: XML External Entity Reference Vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server

    Overview

    The CVE-2025-54445 is a critical vulnerability that affects Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server. This vulnerability is of the type ‘Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference’, which allows Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF). The issue is of high significance because it can potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of the affected systems. It is particularly relevant to organizations using versions of MagicINFO 9 Server less than 21.1080.0.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-54445
    Severity: High (CVSS: 8.2)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server | Less than 21.1080.0

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability arises due to improper restriction of XML External Entity (XXE) reference in the affected application. An attacker can exploit this weakness to force the application’s XML parser to access arbitrary files on a server or interact with other resources, such as internal networks, that would otherwise be inaccessible. This could potentially lead to unauthorized read access, Denial of Service (DoS), Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF), or even Remote Code Execution (RCE).

    Conceptual Example Code

    A conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited could look like this:

    POST /MagicINFO/endpoint HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/xml
    <!DOCTYPE foo [
    <!ELEMENT foo ANY >
    <!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >]><foo>&xxe;</foo>

    In this example, an attacker sends a POST request containing an XML payload that includes an external entity declaration. This entity is designed to access a sensitive file on the server’s file system (in this case, the Unix password file). If the server is vulnerable and processes this XML input, it will return the contents of the requested file, leading to an information disclosure.

    Mitigation and Recommendations

    To adequately protect against this vulnerability, the most effective solution is to apply the vendor-provided patch for Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server. However, until the patch can be applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to block or alert on suspicious XML input, potentially preventing exploitation.
    Additionally, it is recommended to disable the use of external entities in your XML parser’s settings, if that functionality is not needed. This can provide an additional layer of protection against XXE attacks.

  • CVE-2025-8020: SSRF Vulnerability in All Versions of Private-IP Package

    Overview

    CVE-2025-8020 is a security issue that affects all versions of the package private-ip. It is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability, where an attacker can exploit the flaw to provide an IP or hostname that resolves to a multicast IP address, which is not included as part of the private IP ranges in the package’s source code. This vulnerability is of critical importance due to its high potential for system compromise or data leakage, thereby necessitating prompt attention and action.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-8020
    Severity: High (CVSS: 8.2)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System Compromise or Data Leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Private-IP Package | All versions

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit works by taking advantage of the SSRF vulnerability in the private-ip package. In this vulnerability, an attacker can provide an IP or hostname that resolves to a multicast IP address (224.0.0.0/4) which is not included as part of the private IP ranges in the package’s source code. This allows the attacker to bypass the server’s defenses and gain unauthorized access to the system or leak data.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited in an HTTP request:

    GET /api/request?target=224.0.0.0 HTTP/1.1
    Host: vulnerable.example.com

    In this example, the attacker manipulates the `target` parameter in the URL to point to a multicast IP address, exploiting the SSRF vulnerability in the private-ip package.

    Mitigation

    To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These tools can help to monitor and restrict the outbound traffic from your server, preventing the exploitation of the SSRF vulnerability.

  • CVE-2025-36548: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability in WWBN AVideo

    Overview

    This blog post aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the recent vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-36548. This cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability affects WWBN AVideo version 14.4 and the dev master commit 8a8954ff. The vulnerability has been reported to exist within the LoginWordPress loginForm cancelUri parameter functionality of the software. As a result, it presents an alarming risk to all users of the affected software, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary Javascript, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-36548
    Severity: High (8.3 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: Required
    Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    WWBN AVideo | 14.4 and dev master commit 8a8954ff

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability is exploited when an attacker crafts a specially designed HTTP request, which is then sent to the vulnerable endpoint. The HTTP request includes malicious Javascript code within the ‘cancelUri’ parameter of the LoginWordPress loginForm function. If a user visits a webpage that sends this request, the malicious Javascript code is executed, triggering the vulnerability.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example demonstrates a maliciously crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint.

    GET /LoginWordPress/loginForm HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    cancelUri=http://malicious.example.com?payload=<script>malicious_code_here</script>

    In the above example, if a user visits a webpage that triggers this type of request, the browser would execute the malicious code included within the “ tag in the `cancelUri` parameter.

    Mitigation and Prevention

    The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is by applying the vendor-provided patch. If this is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. It is crucial to ensure that these systems are configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this particular vulnerability. Regular software updates and patches are the most effective way to protect against such vulnerabilities. Always maintain the latest version of all software to minimize the risk of exploitation.

  • CVE-2025-45777: Critical Vulnerability in OTP Mechanism Bypassing Authentication in Chavara Matrimony Site

    Overview

    The cybersecurity landscape is continually evolving with new vulnerabilities discovered regularly. One such critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-45777, has recently been identified in the OTP mechanism of Chavara Family Welfare Centre Chavara Matrimony Site v2.0. This vulnerability allows potential attackers to bypass authentication by supplying a specially crafted request, thereby posing a significant threat to the integrity and confidentiality of the system. Given the potential system compromise or data leakage, it is imperative for organizations to understand and mitigate this vulnerability promptly.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-45777
    Severity: Critical (9.8)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Chavara Family Welfare Centre Chavara Matrimony Site | v2.0

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability exists due to an issue in the OTP (One-Time Password) mechanism of the Chavara Matrimony Site v2.0. The authentication module fails to verify the integrity of user-supplied requests adequately. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the server, potentially bypassing the OTP authentication. This breach allows the attacker to impersonate legitimate users, potentially leading to a full system compromise or data leakage.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request, with the “malicious_payload” potentially containing a crafted request that exploits the vulnerability.

    POST /chavara/authenticate/otp HTTP/1.1
    Host: chavara.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    { "otp": "malicious_payload" }

    Mitigation Recommendations

    To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. This patch addresses the flaw in the OTP mechanism, thereby preventing potential exploitation. Until the patch can be applied, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and prevent malicious requests from reaching your application, providing a layer of security against this and other similar vulnerabilities. It is recommended to regularly update your systems and software to prevent exploitation of known vulnerabilities.

  • CVE-2025-51087: Stack Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda AC8V4 V16.03.34.06

    Overview

    A critical vulnerability has been identified in Tenda AC8V4 V16.03.34.06, a widely used router. This flaw, designated as CVE-2025-51087, allows for potential system compromise or data leakage due to a stack overflow. The vulnerability has a severity score of 8.6, demonstrating its high-risk nature and the urgency for users to implement the recommended mitigation measures. The impact of this vulnerability is significant as it potentially exposes sensitive information and allows unauthorized control of affected systems.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-51087
    Severity: High – 8.6 CVSS Score
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: Low
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Tenda AC8V4 | V16.03.34.06

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability lies in the router’s /goform/saveParentControlInfo endpoint. Specifically, it exists due to insufficient boundary checks when handling the ‘time’ argument. An attacker can manipulate this argument, causing a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow condition may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system or cause the application to crash, leading to a denial of service.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this hypothetical HTTP request, a malicious actor sends an oversized ‘time’ argument to the vulnerable endpoint, causing a buffer overflow:
    “`http
    POST /goform/saveParentControlInfo HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    { “time”: “AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

  • CVE-2025-4700: Critical XSS Vulnerability Discovered in GitLab CE/EE

    Overview

    A critical vulnerability, assigned as CVE-2025-4700, has been unearthed in GitLab CE/EE. This software defect impacts all versions from 15.10 before 18.0.5, 18.1 before 18.1.3, and 18.2 before 18.2.1. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it can trigger unintended content rendering, leading to a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack. This vulnerability, if exploited successfully, could potentially compromise systems and leak sensitive data. The severity of the vulnerability has been rated high, making it essential for organizations using vulnerable GitLab versions to prioritize mitigation.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-4700
    Severity: High (8.7 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: Required
    Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    GitLab CE | 15.10 before 18.0.5
    GitLab EE | 18.1 before 18.1.3, 18.2 before 18.2.1

    How the Exploit Works

    The CVE-2025-4700 vulnerability arises from a flaw in the system’s input validation and output encoding mechanisms. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts into the application’s input, which then get rendered and executed on the user’s browser. This could lead to an attacker gaining control over a user’s session, potentially compromising the system or leaking sensitive information.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability using a malicious HTTP request:

    POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    { "user_input": "<script>malicious_script_here</script>" }

    In this example, the malicious script would be executed whenever the user input is rendered by the application, leading to potential XSS attacks.

    Mitigation Guidance

    Users are strongly advised to apply the security patch provided by GitLab. If unable to update immediately, consider implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure to mitigate the risk. Always ensure proper sanitization and validation of user input and encode output to prevent such vulnerabilities.

  • CVE-2025-8140: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A702R

    Overview

    A severe and critical vulnerability has been discovered in the TOTOLINK A702R 4.0.0-B20230721.1521, a widely used wireless network router. The flaw is not only dangerous due to its high severity score but also because it exposes an unknown part of the code to potential attackers, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. As TOTOLINK’s products are widely used in various industries, the scope of this vulnerability is broad, and it’s crucial to understand its implications and apply appropriate mitigation strategies.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-8140
    Severity: Critical, CVSS score 8.8
    Attack Vector: Remote, HTTP POST Request
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20230721.1521

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability arises from an insecure handling of HTTP POST requests in the ‘submit-url’ argument of the file ‘/boafrm/formWlanMultipleAP.’ The improper validation and processing of this argument can lead to a buffer overflow condition. Buffer overflow is a classic vulnerability in which an application writes more data to a block of allocated memory (buffer) than it can hold, causing an overflow. This overflow can overwrite adjacent memory areas, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution, system crashes, and information disclosure.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malformed HTTP POST request:

    POST /boafrm/formWlanMultipleAP HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    submit-url=<malicious_payload>

    In the above pseudocode, `` would be replaced with an oversized, specifically crafted string designed to overflow the buffer and potentially alter the program’s execution flow.

    Mitigation Guidance

    The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-issued patch as soon as it becomes available. This patch will likely involve correcting the input validation for the ‘submit-url’ argument, preventing the possibility of buffer overflow.
    In the meantime, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, this should be considered a temporary solution and not a replacement for the vendor’s patch.

  • CVE-2025-8139: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A702R

    Overview

    The vulnerability CVE-2025-8139 is a critical security flaw discovered in TOTOLINK A702R 4.0.0-B20230721.1521. This vulnerability has been classified as critical due to its potential to compromise systems or leak data. The flaw lies within an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formPortFw of HTTP POST Request Handler. This vulnerability has wide-reaching implications, affecting all users of this software and presenting a significant risk due to its potential for remote initiation.
    With the vulnerability details now publicly available, it’s critical that users take immediate steps to mitigate the risk. The severity and potential impact of this vulnerability underline the importance of robust cybersecurity practices and timely application of patches and updates.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-8139
    Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20230721.1521

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability is a type of buffer overflow attack, a common type of cybersecurity threat. This particular vulnerability is exploited by manipulating the ‘service_type’ argument in an HTTP POST Request to the /boafrm/formPortFw file, leading to an overflow of the buffer. This overflow can potentially allow an attacker to overwrite data in the memory of the system, execute arbitrary code, or cause a system crash.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here is a conceptual example of how an HTTP POST request might be manipulated to exploit the vulnerability. This is not actual exploit code, but a simplified version to help understand the process.

    POST /boafrm/formPortFw HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    service_type=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

    In this example, the ‘service_type’ argument is filled with an excessively long string of ‘A’s, causing the buffer to overflow.

    Prevention and Mitigation

    The primary mitigation strategy for this vulnerability would be to apply the patch provided by the vendor. If a patch is not immediately available, or if it’s not feasible to apply it immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. These can provide some level of protection by detecting and preventing known malicious patterns. However, they should not be considered a long-term solution, and the vendor’s patch should be applied as soon as possible.

  • CVE-2025-8138: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK A702R

    Overview

    The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently detailed a critical vulnerability with the identifier CVE-2025-8138, found in TOTOLINK A702R version 4.0.0-B20230721.1521. This vulnerability, if exploited, can lead to serious security breaches, system compromise, and potential data leakage. It is of critical importance to any individual or organization using the affected TOTOLINK product to understand and mitigate this vulnerability as soon as possible.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-8138
    Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    TOTOLINK A702R | 4.0.0-B20230721.1521

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability resides in an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formOneKeyAccessButton in the HTTP POST Request Handler component of the TOTOLINK A702R firmware. The exploitation of this vulnerability involves the manipulation of the ‘submit-url’ argument, which can cause a buffer overflow. This buffer overflow may then result in undefined behavior, potentially leading to system compromise and data leakage.

    Conceptual Example Code

    An attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a maliciously crafted HTTP POST request similar to the following:

    POST /boafrm/formOneKeyAccessButton HTTP/1.1
    Host: target.example.com
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    submit-url=www.example.com%00[insert malicious payload here]

    In this example, the ‘submit-url’ argument is appended with a null byte (%00) followed by a malicious payload. This causes an overflow in the buffer that stores the ‘submit-url’ data, which can lead to unintended consequences, potentially compromising the system and leaking data.

    Mitigation Guidance

    It is highly recommended to apply a vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. If a patch is not immediately available or feasible, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to temporarily mitigate the vulnerability by monitoring network traffic and blocking or alerting on suspicious activity.

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