Overview
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-52288 is a serious flaw in Open5GS, specifically in its Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) component. This vulnerability has the potential to affect any system utilizing Open5GS up to version 2.7.5. The severity of this issue lies in its ability to allow attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly compromise the system, leading to data leakage.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-52288
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of service, potential system compromise, and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Open5GS | Up to 2.7.5
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by taking advantage of an assertion failure in the ngap_build_downlink_nas_transport function in the src/amf/ngap-build.c file. Attackers can trigger this vulnerability by sending repeated UE connect and disconnect message sequences. This causes the AMF component to fail, leading to a denial of service. The exact unspecified impacts are not clear, but there is a potential for system compromise and data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Given the nature of this vulnerability, a conceptual example would involve sending repeated connect and disconnect messages to the target system. While it does not translate directly into a common code like HTTP or shell command, the pseudocode might look something like this:
while True:
send_ue_connect(target)
send_ue_disconnect(target)In the above pseudocode, ‘send_ue_connect’ and ‘send_ue_disconnect’ are functions that would send the respective messages to the target. The loop would run indefinitely, causing stress on the AMF component and potentially triggering the vulnerability.
Mitigation Guidance
To mitigate the potential impacts of this vulnerability, it is recommended that users apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. If the patch is not immediately available, using Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. However, these measures will not fully resolve the vulnerability but may help to minimize potential damage.