Overview
The vulnerability CVE-2025-44652 involves a configuration flaw in Netgear RAX30 V1.0.10.94_3, a widely-used router. This vulnerability allows potential attackers to instigate Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by exploiting the USERLIMIT_GLOBAL option which is set to 0 in several bftpd-related configuration files. This vulnerability is significant due to its potential to disrupt networks and services, with the possibility for system compromise and data leakage.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-44652
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Disruption of network services, potential system compromise, and data leakage
Affected Products
Escape the Surveillance Era
Most apps won’t tell you the truth.
They’re part of the problem.
Phone numbers. Emails. Profiles. Logs.
It’s all fuel for surveillance.
Ameeba Chat gives you a way out.
- • No phone number
- • No email
- • No personal info
- • Anonymous aliases
- • End-to-end encrypted
Chat without a trace.
Product | Affected Versions
Netgear RAX30 | V1.0.10.94_3
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability exists in the bftpd-related configuration files where the USERLIMIT_GLOBAL option is set to 0. This setting means there is no limit to the number of users that can connect to the bftpd server. An attacker can exploit this by connecting an unlimited number of users to the server, thereby exhausting system resources and causing a Denial of Service. There is also a concern that this could lead to system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
While the following code is conceptual and not an actual exploit script, it helps illustrate the vulnerability:
#!/bin/bash
# Script to open unlimited connections to the bftpd server
while true
do
nc target.example.com 21 &
doneThis script connects to the bftpd server on the target machine an unlimited number of times, which could potentially lead to a Denial of Service due to the unrestricted user limit. It’s important to note that actual exploitation may involve more complex scripts and techniques, and this example is simplified for illustrative purposes.
Mitigation
As a mitigation measure, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch when it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. Regularly updating and patching systems can also help prevent exploitation of such vulnerabilities.
