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CVE-2025-4130: Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in PAVO Pay

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Overview

This report discusses a significant cybersecurity vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-4130, affecting the PAVO Pay system by PAVO Inc. The vulnerability revolves around the use of hard-coded credentials, leading to unauthorized access of sensitive constants within an executable. This issue is of critical importance due to its potential to compromise systems and leak confidential data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4130
Severity: High (CVSS 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

PAVO Pay | Before 13.05.2025

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by exploiting the hard-coded credentials in PAVO Pay. By discovering these built-in credentials, malicious actors can gain unauthorized access to sensitive constants within an executable. This could potentially lead to system compromise or sensitive data leakage as the attacker may gain high-level access to system functions and data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability can be exploited:

POST /pavo/pay HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"username": "hardcoded_username",
"password": "hardcoded_password"
}

In this case, the `hardcoded_username` and `hardcoded_password` are the built-in credentials used in PAVO Pay. By sending a HTTP request with these credentials, an attacker could potentially gain unauthorized access to the system.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users of PAVO Pay are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, it is recommended to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. Regular security audits and vulnerability scanning are also crucial to ensure the continuous safety of the system.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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