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CVE-2025-10838: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda AC21 16.03.08.16

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Overview

A severe vulnerability has been identified in the Tenda AC21 software version 16.03.08.16 that exposes systems to potential compromise or data leakage. This cybersecurity threat, denoted as CVE-2025-10838, specifically affects the function sub_45BB10 of the file /goform/WifiExtraSet, leading to buffer overflow when the argument wpapsk_crypto is manipulated. Given the widespread use of Tenda AC21 in various network environments, this vulnerability could potentially impact a large number of systems and is, therefore, a critical concern for cybersecurity professionals.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-10838
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC21 | 16.03.08.16

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Tenda AC21’s function sub_45BB10 of the file /goform/WifiExtraSet. The vulnerability arises when an attacker remotely manipulates the argument wpapsk_crypto, causing the program to write more data into the buffer than it can handle. This overflow can lead to system crashes, incorrect calculations, or even allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider the following conceptual HTTP request that an attacker might use to exploit this vulnerability:

POST /goform/WifiExtraSet HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
wpapsk_crypto=A_LONG_STRING_THAT_CAUSES_BUFFER_OVERFLOW

This request attempts to overflow the buffer by sending a longer string than expected for the wpapsk_crypto argument. If the server is not properly protected, this could lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor’s patch once it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation measures to protect the system from potential attacks exploiting this vulnerability.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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