Overview
The CVE-2025-57295 is a significant vulnerability that affects H3C devices running firmware version NX15V100R015. This vulnerability is particularly critical as it allows unauthorized access to these devices due to insecure default credentials, potentially leading to severe security breaches. As it opens the gate to unauthorized root-level access to the device, this vulnerability could lead to privilege escalation, information disclosure, or arbitrary code execution, posing a considerable risk to the integrity and confidentiality of the system data.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-57295
Severity: High (CVSS Score: 8.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized root-level access to the device, privilege escalation, information disclosure, or arbitrary code execution
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
H3C Devices | NX15V100R015
How the Exploit Works
The exploit takes advantage of the lack of password for the root user account and the use of a default password for the H3C user account on the mentioned devices. Both these credentials are stored in the /etc/shadow file. An attacker with network access can exploit these credentials to gain unauthorized root-level access to the device via the administrative interface or other network services. This unauthorized access can potentially lead to privilege escalation, information disclosure, or arbitrary code execution.
Conceptual Example Code
The following is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability via SSH:
ssh root@target_device_ip
# No password required
ssh H3C@target_device_ip
# Use "admin" as passwordOnce logged in, the attacker has root-level access to the device and can execute arbitrary commands, access sensitive information or escalate their privileges further.
Mitigation Guidance
To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. As a temporary mitigation, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block suspicious network activities. Additionally, users are also advised to change the default password for the H3C user account and set a strong password for the root user account.
