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CVE-2025-57293: Command Injection Vulnerability in COMFAST CF-XR11

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Overview

A recently discovered critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-57293) has been identified in COMFAST CF-XR11 firmware V2.7.2, which is widely used in networking devices. This vulnerability, if exploited by malicious actors, can lead to unauthorized access of sensitive files, execution of arbitrary code, or a full device compromise. The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by its CVSS severity score of 8.8, indicating a high potential for system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-57293
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive files, arbitrary code execution, and full device compromise.

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

COMFAST CF-XR11 | Firmware V2.7.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists in the multi_pppoe API which is processed by the sub_423930 function in /usr/bin/webmgnt. The phy_interface parameter is not sanitized, creating an opportunity for attackers to inject arbitrary commands via a POST request to /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=multi_pppoe. When the action parameter is set to “one_click_redial”, the unsanitized phy_interface is used in a system() call, which then allows the execution of the malicious commands injected by the attacker.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This code represents a malicious HTTP POST request.

POST /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=multi_pppoe HTTP/1.1
Host: target-device-ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
action=one_click_redial&phy_interface=;malicious_command;

In the above example, `malicious_command` represents an arbitrary command injected by the attacker. The command is then executed as a result of the system call triggered by the “one_click_redial” action.

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate this vulnerability, the advised solution is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure, helping to detect or block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Users are also recommended to monitor their system logs for any suspicious activity.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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