Overview
The world of cybersecurity is a perpetual battleground, with new vulnerabilities being discovered and exploited by malicious actors. A recent example of this is the CVE-2025-7028 vulnerability, a flaw that resides in the Software SMI handler and affects systems using specific versions of firmware. This vulnerability is particularly significant due to its potential to lead to system compromise or data leakage.
Given its severity score of 7.8, this vulnerability demands immediate attention. It allows an attacker to execute arbitrary read/write access to System Management RAM (SMRAM), corrupt firmware memory, exfiltrate SMRAM content, or install persistent implants. This makes it a critical issue for IT administrators, cybersecurity professionals, and any organization that relies on the affected software.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-7028
Severity: High (CVSS Score 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Software SMI Handler | All versions prior to patch
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by taking advantage of a vulnerability in the Software SMI handler. The attacker provides a crafted pointer (FuncBlock) through RBX and RCX register values. This pointer is then passed unchecked into multiple flash management functions (ReadFlash, WriteFlash, EraseFlash, and GetFlashInfo) that dereference both the structure and its nested members, such as BufAddr. This process enables the attacker to gain arbitrary read/write access to System Management RAM (SMRAM), allowing them to corrupt firmware memory, exfiltrate SMRAM content via flash, or install persistent implants.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual code snippet illustrating the exploitation of this vulnerability:
“`c++
// Conceptual exploit code
// Craft the pointer
pointer FuncBlock = craft_pointer();
// Set the RBX and RCX register values
set_register_values(RBX, FuncBlock);
set_register_values(RCX, FuncBlock);
// Pass the crafted pointer into flash management functions
ReadFlash(FuncBlock);
WriteFlash(FuncBlock);
EraseFlash(FuncBlock);
GetFlashInfo(FuncBlock);
// Gain arbitrary read/write access to SMRAM
access_SMRAM(FuncBlock);
“`
The above pseudocode demonstrates the process of crafting a malicious pointer, setting register values, and passing the crafted pointer into flash management functions to gain unauthorized access to SMRAM. It is crucial to understand that this is a simplified representation and actual exploitation would require deeper technical knowledge.
