Overview
The heart of cybersecurity revolves around the identification and swift mitigation of vulnerabilities in software applications. This blog post will delve into one such vulnerability, specifically CVE-2025-54987, which poses a significant threat to users of the Trend Micro Apex One (on-premise) management console. This vulnerability allows a pre-authenticated remote attacker to upload malicious code and execute commands on affected installations. Given the critical role that Trend Micro Apex One plays in managing security across an organization’s network, this vulnerability carries a significant risk.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-54987
Severity: Critical (9.4)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None (Pre-authenticated)
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
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Product | Affected Versions
Trend Micro Apex One | All on-premise versions
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the way Trend Micro Apex One’s management console handles file uploads. An attacker, already authenticated, can craft a special payload disguised as a legitimate file. When this file is uploaded to the management console, the malicious code is executed, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Given the nature of this exploit, an attacker might use a POST request to upload the malicious file. Here is a conceptual example of such an HTTP request:
POST /upload/file HTTP/1.1
Host: apexone.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious_payload.exe"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
<binary data>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--In this example, the attacker is uploading a file named “malicious_payload.exe” containing the harmful code.
Please note that this is a conceptual example and should not be used for malicious purposes. Always practice ethical hacking and responsible disclosure of vulnerabilities.
Mitigation
Until a patch is released by the vendor, users of the affected software are advised to use Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to mitigate the risk. These systems can be configured to recognize and block suspicious payloads, thereby providing temporary protection against this exploit.